Difference between revisions of "Brooches - Viking Paired Styles"

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{{Stars2|Category = Fastenings|Typology = Oval Brooches|TypologyFile = Brooches - Oval.png}}
 
{{Stars2|Category = Fastenings|Typology = Oval Brooches|TypologyFile = Brooches - Oval.png}}
−
 
+
{{Brooches}}
 
==Oval brooches [V/F]==
 
==Oval brooches [V/F]==
  
−
''Usually worn in pairs, their purpose is to hold up the Hangerock.''<br>
+
''Usually worn in pairs. The most common theory for their use was to hold up the Hangerock, a distinctive Scandinavian woman's style of dress.''<br>
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
Viking Age Oval brooches are larger than their Vendel precursors with typical sizes shown in the following table by Martin Rundkvist. [RUNDKVIST 2010:p.155]<br>
 
Viking Age Oval brooches are larger than their Vendel precursors with typical sizes shown in the following table by Martin Rundkvist. [RUNDKVIST 2010:p.155]<br>
Line 17: Line 17:
 
*"Each woman wears on either breast a box of iron, silver, copper or gold; the value of the box indicates the wealth of the husband. Each box has a ring from which depends a knife". Ibn Fadlan's Account of the Rus.
 
*"Each woman wears on either breast a box of iron, silver, copper or gold; the value of the box indicates the wealth of the husband. Each box has a ring from which depends a knife". Ibn Fadlan's Account of the Rus.
 
|Archaeology =
 
|Archaeology =
−
An estimated 4000 are known from all over the Viking world (OWEN and DALLAND 1999, p.68).<br>
+
An estimated 4000 are known from all over the Viking world [OWEN & DALLAND 1999: p.68].<br>
 
|Discussion =
 
|Discussion =
−
Disappear in Denmark during the C10th (ROESDAHL 1982)<br>
+
Disappear in Denmark during the C10th [ROESDAHL 1982]<br>
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
===Berdal P11-P24===
 
===Berdal P11-P24===
−
C9th <br>
+
These are a transitional style between the Vendel and Viking styles.<br>
−
[PETERSEN 1928:p.12-22]
+
780AD - 850AD [RUNDKVIST 2010:p.165] <br>
 +
[PETERSEN 1928:p.12-22]<br>
 
<br>
 
<br>
  
 
===P25/26 ===
 
===P25/26 ===
 +
Petersen considered the P25 brooch to be the earliest type of Viking period oval brooch. [PETERSEN 1928:p.24]
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R650.jpg
+
File:R650.jpg|Norway
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
Line 35: Line 37:
 
===P27/28 ===
 
===P27/28 ===
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R648.jpg
+
File:R648.jpg|Norway
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
Line 43: Line 45:
 
Includes Petersen types P35, P36, P38, P39 <br>
 
Includes Petersen types P35, P36, P38, P39 <br>
 
'''Archaeology'''<br>
 
'''Archaeology'''<br>
−
*All Viking Area’s: 500 copies (Paulsen 1933)
+
*All Viking Area’s: 500 copies Graham-Campbell quoting 'Paulsen 1933'[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:p.27]
−
*Norway: 235 copies from 217 finds (PETERSEN 1928)??
+
*Norway: 235 copies from 217 finds [PETERSEN 1928]??
 
'''Discussion'''<br>
 
'''Discussion'''<br>
−
P37 is the most common type found at Birka. (OWEN and DALLAND 1999, p.68). Accounts for 3 out of every 5 brooches from Norway and half of those found from the east. (EWING 2007, p.60)<br>
+
P37 is the most common type found at Birka. (OWEN & DALLAND 1999, p.68). Accounts for 3 out of every 5 brooches from Norway and half of those found from the east. [EWING 2007: p.60]<br>
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
Images: V2C 101a, 101b, 101c, 101d<br>
 
Images: V2C 101a, 101b, 101c, 101d<br>
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R647.jpg
+
Hedeby_Brooch_Oval.JPG|Hedeby
−
File:R649.jpg
+
File:R647.jpg|Norway
 +
File:R649.jpg|Norway
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
Line 57: Line 60:
 
===P42/43/44 ===
 
===P42/43/44 ===
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R657.jpg
+
File:R657.jpg|Norway
 +
Norwich-Oval_Brooches,_Santon_Downham_(Replica).JPG|England, Santon Downham
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
Line 63: Line 67:
 
===P45 ===
 
===P45 ===
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R653.jpg
+
File:R653.jpg|Norway
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
Line 69: Line 73:
 
===P48/49 ===
 
===P48/49 ===
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R651.jpg
+
File:R651.jpg|Norway
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
  
 
===P51 - Late Oseberg Style - Double Shelled  [V/F]===
 
===P51 - Late Oseberg Style - Double Shelled  [V/F]===
−
Date: Early C10th
+
Date: Early C10th<br>
−
{{evidence
+
'''Archaeology'''<br>
−
|Archaeology =
+
 
*All Viking Area’s: 1000 copies
 
*All Viking Area’s: 1000 copies
 
*Norway: 469 copies from 310 finds
 
*Norway: 469 copies from 310 finds
−
|Discussion =
+
'''Discussion'''<br>
 
Most common form of brooch.
 
Most common form of brooch.
−
}}
 
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
Images: VAC 118<br>
 
Images: VAC 118<br>
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R652.jpg
+
File:R652.jpg|Norway
−
File:R654.jpg
+
File:R654.jpg|Norway
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
Line 93: Line 95:
 
Date: C10th. An eastern style that is rarely found in the west. <br>
 
Date: C10th. An eastern style that is rarely found in the west. <br>
 
P52 are open work with a double shell. P55 are cheaper copies cast in one piece.<br>
 
P52 are open work with a double shell. P55 are cheaper copies cast in one piece.<br>
−
{{evidence
+
'''Archaeology'''<br>
−
|Discussion =
+
--
−
Very common in the east, 25% of finds. Not usually found in the west. (EWING 2007, p.60)
+
'''Discussion'''<br>
−
}}
+
Very common in the east, 25% of finds. Not usually found in the west. [EWING 2007: p.60]
 
<br>
 
<br>
 
Images
 
Images
Line 102: Line 104:
 
:P55 Solid -  
 
:P55 Solid -  
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R655.jpg
+
File:R655.jpg|Norway
−
File:R656.jpg
+
File:R656.jpg|Norway
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 
<br>
 
<br>
Line 114: Line 116:
 
===Animal-head===
 
===Animal-head===
 
Gotland only.  
 
Gotland only.  
−
Sometimes found in 3’s (EWING 2007, p.60)
+
Sometimes found in 3’s [EWING 2007: p.60]
−
(ROESDAHL and WILSON 1992, p.192, 300 cat.274)
+
[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992: p.192, 300 cat.274]
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
M532.jpg
+
M532.jpg|Sweden
−
M533.jpg
+
M533.jpg|Sweden
−
M534.jpg
+
M534.jpg|Sweden
−
M535.jpg
+
M535.jpg|Sweden
−
M536.jpg
+
M536.jpg|Sweden
−
M537.jpg
+
M537.jpg|Sweden
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 
===Drum Shaped===
 
===Drum Shaped===
−
[ROESDAHL and WILSON 1992:p.254 cat.104]
+
[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992:p.254 cat.104]
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
M531.jpg
+
M531.jpg|Sweden
−
M538.jpg
+
M538.jpg|Sweden
−
M539.jpg
+
M539.jpg|Sweden
−
M542.jpg
+
M542.jpg|Sweden
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 +
==References==
 +
{{Ref|Ewing 2007}}
 +
{{Ref|Graham-Campbell 1980}}
 +
{{Ref|Owen & Dalland 1999}}
 +
{{Ref|Petersen 1928}}
 +
{{Ref|Roesdahl 1982}}
 +
{{Ref|Roesdahl & Wilson 1992}}
 +
{{Ref|Rundkvist 2010}}
 +
 +
<HarvardReferences />
  
 
[[Category:Fastenings]]
 
[[Category:Fastenings]]

Latest revision as of 20:11, 26 September 2019

Brooches - Viking Paired Styles
Brooches - Oval.png

Oval Brooches

Fastenings

► Fastening Images
  Brooches - English Styles
  Brooches - Frankish Styles
  Brooches - Viking Paired Styles
  Brooches - Viking Single Styles
  Penannulars
  Pins
  Ringed Pins


Brooches - Oval.png

Oval Brooches
More Fastenings pages

Completion Rating
This article's completion rating is 2 out of 5. Article structure and content is subject to change as data is still being collected.
Completion Rating
This article's completion rating is 2 out of 5. Article structure and content is subject to change as data is still being collected.
Viking Age Compendium articles on Brooches:
VA Brooch Paired.JPG
Viking Paired Styles
Viking Age Compendium articles on Brooches:
VA Brooch Paired.JPG
Viking Paired Styles

Oval brooches [V/F]

Usually worn in pairs. The most common theory for their use was to hold up the Hangerock, a distinctive Scandinavian woman's style of dress.

Viking Age Oval brooches are larger than their Vendel precursors with typical sizes shown in the following table by Martin Rundkvist. [RUNDKVIST 2010]:p.155
Berdal. L 57–113mm
P25. L 96–103mm
P27. L 98–113mm
P37. L 96–110mm


Art
--
Literature

  • "Each woman wears on either breast a box of iron, silver, copper or gold; the value of the box indicates the wealth of the husband. Each box has a ring from which depends a knife". Ibn Fadlan's Account of the Rus.

Archaeology
An estimated 4000 are known from all over the Viking world [OWEN & DALLAND 1999]:p.68.
Discussion
Disappear in Denmark during the C10th [ROESDAHL 1982]

Berdal P11-P24

These are a transitional style between the Vendel and Viking styles.
780AD - 850AD [RUNDKVIST 2010]:p.165
[PETERSEN 1928]:p.12-22

P25/26

Petersen considered the P25 brooch to be the earliest type of Viking period oval brooch. [PETERSEN 1928]:p.24

  • Norway


P27/28

  • Norway


P37 - Gripping Beast Style [V/F]

Date: C9th
Includes Petersen types P35, P36, P38, P39
Archaeology

Discussion
P37 is the most common type found at Birka. (OWEN & DALLAND 1999, p.68). Accounts for 3 out of every 5 brooches from Norway and half of those found from the east. [EWING 2007]:p.60

Images: V2C 101a, 101b, 101c, 101d

  • Hedeby

  • Norway

  • Norway


P42/43/44

  • Norway

  • England, Santon Downham


P45

  • Norway


P48/49

  • Norway


P51 - Late Oseberg Style - Double Shelled [V/F]

Date: Early C10th
Archaeology

  • All Viking Area’s: 1000 copies
  • Norway: 469 copies from 310 finds

Discussion
Most common form of brooch.
Images: VAC 118

  • Norway

  • Norway


P52/55 - Baroque Style [V/F]

Date: C10th. An eastern style that is rarely found in the west.
P52 are open work with a double shell. P55 are cheaper copies cast in one piece.
Archaeology
-- Discussion
Very common in the east, 25% of finds. Not usually found in the west. [EWING 2007]:p.60
Images

P52 Open – VAC 119, VAC 120, VAC 121
P55 Solid -

  • Norway

  • Norway


P57 - Jellinge Style [V/F]

Gotland brooches [V/F]

Animal-head

Gotland only. Sometimes found in 3’s [EWING 2007]:p.60 [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:p.192, 300 cat.274

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

Drum Shaped

[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:p.254 cat.104

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

  • Sweden

References

Ewing, Thor (2007) Viking Clothing. Tempus. [EWING 2007] ^ 1 2 3 *
Graham-Campbell, James (ed.) (1980) Viking Artefacts, A Select Catalogue. British Museum Publications [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980] ^ *
Owen, Olwyn, and Dalland, Magnar (1999) SCAR, A Viking Boat Burial on Sanday, Orkney. Tuckwell Press. [OWEN & DALLAND 1999] ^ *
Petersen, Jan (1928) Vikingetidens Smykker. [Viking Jewellery]. [PETERSEN 1928] ^ 1 2 3 *
Roesdahl, Else (1982) Viking Age Denmark. British Museum. [ROESDAHL 1982] ^ *
Roesdahl, Else, and Wilson, David M. (eds.) (1992) From Viking to Crusader, The Scandinavians and Europe 800-1200. Nordic Council of Ministers. [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992] ^ 1 2 *
[RUNDKVIST 2010] ^ 1 2 *


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