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{{Stars2|Category=CraftsFurniture & Storage}}{{Furniture}}
==Northern European Tents==
Also known as Anglo-Saxon, Saxon or Geteld tents.
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==Bell Tents==
This is a cone shaped tent supported by a single central pole. It is interesting to note that all of the depictions from the Utrecht Psalter depict them with a cross at their apex. Possibly meaning that they were used for Ecclesiastical purposes.
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==Late Roman army tents==
These consist of two uprights and a simple cross beam. A simple sheet is suspended over this and the ends left open. Examples can be seen in these C6th manuscripts.
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==Viking Tent==
===Oseberg, Norway===
Two tents were found in the Oseberg ship burial. Apparently the original woodwork for the tents other than the carved dragon heads no longer survives. Although it is now impossible to say with any certainty which poles belonged to which tent I have attempted to make a preliminary guess in the image below.<br>
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File:Tent_Oseberg_-_small_head.JPG | Oseberg Small tent
File:Tent_Oseberg_-_large_head.JPG | Oseberg Large tent
File:Tent_Oseberg_Poles.jpg | Oseberg tent poles
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===Gokstad, Norway===
:The parts of the tent are described by Nicolaysen [NICOLAYSEN 1882] thus:<br>
:p.32 33 “When the ship lay in harbour, it was, at night time covered with a tilt (tjald) to which the recently names pillars and a ridge-pole belonged (tjaldass, tjaldstong). Over this latter the cloth was stretched from both sides of the ship. Sometimes for ornament's sake the cloth was striped in various colours. When it is recorded in Egil's saga, concerning Kveldulf, that he bade his people go along the ship's sides and cut the tilt from it's fastenings (klofi) or when in another passage, the ripping up (spretta) of the tent is spoken of, to me it would seem more probable that the lowest edges of the cloth (tjaldskor) were fastened to the gunwale with ropes than, …… <br>:p.37-38 c “a bundle of woolen cloth of yellowish colour, though doubtless originally white, with stripes of red cloth sewn thereon (cfr. P. 33) the whole of which, presumably had been intended for the tent, an opinion corroborated by the fact that within the bundle there were found pieces of thin hemp-rope, in all probability, the fastenings of the tilt;” <br>
:p.41 q “four long oaken boards of similar size and formed in the same manner, having art the one end animal heads carved and nearly alike one another, and intended to be viewed from both sides, of whose purpose I was for a long time in doubt, until at last it became obvious to me that theu had been placed at each end og the tilt, a conclusion to which I was led by observing the barge boards with horse heads which according to Otte, are found in houses of peasents in Lower Saxony and whose heads in some districts are turned outwards to prevent misfortune, while in others they are directed inwards to bring good luck to the house. It is sufficiently clear that each of the boards must have crossed the other, as represented, and that the ridgepole of the tilt with its ends was pivoted through the holes highest up. To me it also seems most likely …..”
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File:Gokstad_Tent_2.jpg | Gokstad
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==Work Shelters==
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==Tent Pegs==
===Oseberg===
The Viking Ship Museum has some 'tent pegs' on display. [http://dougleen.com/ontheroad/2014/03/23/oslo-norway/ Dougleen.com] however puts forth an alternative theory in that they are rope tension devices. <br><br>
===Roman tent pegs===
The following evidence from the Roman period has been included here for comparative evidence.
====Wooden tent pegs====
*Newstead, Oak, triangular section, 250-500mm long [BISHOP and & COULSTON 2006:p.116]
====Iron tent pegs====
We've included these as comparisons. Found in Castle Künzing Quintanis (Germany) they are dated to the 2nd/3rd century AD. The original photo can be found [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_Tent-pegs.jpg here]. A possible argument for the continuation of this style of tent peg as suggested by [http://europa-reenactment.org/saxon_tent.php Europa Reenactment] can be put forward by the pegs illustrated in BL Cotton Claudius B IV fol 21v.
File: Tent BL Cotton Claudius B IV fol 21v pegs.jpg | 1025-1050AD English <br> BL Cott Clau BIV f.21v
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==References==
{{Ref|Bishop & Coulston 2006}}
{{Ref|British Museum Website}}
{{Ref|Nicolaysen 1882}}
<HarvardReferences />
