Northern European Tents
From the Psalters
- London, British Library, MS Harley, 603
- Utrecht Psalter
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.15r
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.15r
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.25r
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.71v
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.85v
1000-1025AD Anglo-Saxon
BL Harley MS603 f.15r
1000-1025AD Anglo-Saxon
BL Harley MS603 f.15r
1000-1025AD Anglo-Saxon
BL Harley MS603 f.25r
1125-1150AD Anglo-Saxon
BL Harley MS603 f.33r
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.44v
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.44v
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.75r
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.227r
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.268r
From the Psychomachia
- Cambridge Corp. Chri. MS23
- T49 London B.L. Cotton Cleo. C, VIII
900AD Carolingian
Bern cod. 264
1000AD Anglo-Saxon
MS Cott. Cleo. C VIII f.5v
1000AD Anglo-Saxon
Chrisi College MS23 f.3v
From the Hexateuch
- London, B.L. Cotton Claudius B IV
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.9v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.17v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.17v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.18r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.21v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.23r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.23v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.23v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.24r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.24r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.25r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.29v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.29v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.30r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.39v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.41r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.46v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.47r
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.47v
Anglo-Saxon
BL Cott Clau BIV f.51v
From other Manuscripts
- Vatican Biblioteca Apostolica, reg. lat. 12
Vat, Bib. Apos. lat.12 f.29r
Bell Tents
From the Psalters
- London, British Library, MS Harley, 603 fol.24v, 68r
- Utrecht Psalter fol.24v
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.24v
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.34v
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.48v
1000-1025AD Anglo-Saxon
BL Harley MS603 f.24v
1025-1050AD Anglo-Saxon
BL Harley MS603 f.68r
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.73v
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.105r
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.147r
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.149r
From the Psychomachia
850-900AD Carolingian
Brussels Lat. 9987
900AD Carolingian
Bern cod. 264
900-1000AD Carolingian
Brussels ms.10066-77
Viking Tent
Oseberg, Norway
Two tents were found in the Oseberg ship burial.
- The smaller tent
- The larger tent
Gokstad, Norway
- The parts of the tent are described by Nicolaysen [NICOLAYSEN 1882] thus:
- p.32 “When the ship lay in harbour, it was, at night time covered with a tilt (tjald) to which the recently names pillars and a ridge-pole belonged (tjaldass, tjaldstong). ……
- p.37-38 c “a bundle of woolen cloth of yellowish colour, though doubtless originally white, with stripes of red cloth sewn thereon (cfr. P. 33) the whole of which, presumably had been intended for the tent, an opinion corroborated by the fact that within the bundle there were found pieces of thin hemp-rope, in all probability, the fastenings of the tilt;”
- p.41 q “four long oaken boards of similar size and formed in the same manner, having art the one end animal heads carved and nearly alike one another, and intended to be viewed from both sides, of whose purpose I was for a long time in doubt, until at last it became obvious to me that theu had been placed at each end og the tilt, a conclusion to which I was led by observing the barge boards with horse heads which according to Otte, are found in houses of peasents in Lower Saxony and whose heads in some districts are turned outwards to prevent misfortune, while in others they are directed inwards to bring good luck to the house. It is sufficiently clear that each of the boards must have crossed the other, as represented, and that the ridgepole of the tilt with its ends was pivoted through the holes highest up. To me it also seems most likely …..”
Work Shelters
From the Psalters
- Utrecht Psalter fol.5r, 84r
- Lothair Crystal (British Museum)
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.5r
820-835AD Carolingian
Utrecht Psalter f.84r
855-869AD Carolingian
Lothair Crystal
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.15v
1150AD English
Edwine Psalter f.263r