Difference between revisions of "Amulets"
From The Viking Age Compendium
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'''Archaeology'''<br> | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
| − | + | [JENSEN 2010: p.37-39] | |
* England, 1 find of jet | * England, 1 find of jet | ||
* Ireland, 3 finds, 2 of wood, 1 of stone | * Ireland, 3 finds, 2 of wood, 1 of stone | ||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
'''Archaeology'''<br> | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
| − | + | [JENSEN 2010: p.49-51] | |
* Denmark, 23 finds, 11 of copper alloy,11 of silver, 1 of unknown | * Denmark, 23 finds, 11 of copper alloy,11 of silver, 1 of unknown | ||
* Norway, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave | * Norway, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave | ||
* Scania (Sweden), 4 finds of silver | * Scania (Sweden), 4 finds of silver | ||
* Sweden, 38 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 37 of silver, 18 from women’s grave | * Sweden, 38 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 37 of silver, 18 from women’s grave | ||
| − | * Gotland (Sweden), 6 finds, 3 of copper alloy, 3 of silver | + | * Gotland (Sweden), 6 finds, 3 of copper alloy, 3 of silver [ARWIDSSON 1989: p.9-18] |
* Russia, 7 finds | * Russia, 7 finds | ||
* Arland (Finland), 1 find | * Arland (Finland), 1 find | ||
'''Discussion'''<br> | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
| − | Arwidsson has described the finds from Birka: 16 were found all of silver. 15 from women’s graves and one from a child’s grave. Dated to the mid C10th to mid C11th. 8 were found between oval brooches and 5 as part of bead necklaces. They seem to be a Swedish / Danish item and are interpreted as symbolic miniature shields always with a clockwise whorl. Some even have signs that the makers have tried to incorporate a shield grip on the reverse. | + | Arwidsson has described the finds from Birka: 16 were found all of silver. 15 from women’s graves and one from a child’s grave. Dated to the mid C10th to mid C11th. 8 were found between oval brooches and 5 as part of bead necklaces. They seem to be a Swedish / Danish item and are interpreted as symbolic miniature shields always with a clockwise whorl. Some even have signs that the makers have tried to incorporate a shield grip on the reverse. [ARWIDSSON 1989: p.9-18] [ARBMAN 1940: pl.97]<br> |
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 65: | Line 65: | ||
'''Archaeology'''<br> | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
| − | + | [JENSEN 2010] | |
* Denmark, 2 finds of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave | * Denmark, 2 finds of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave | ||
* Norway, 8 finds of gold all from Hoen hoard | * Norway, 8 finds of gold all from Hoen hoard | ||
| Line 76: | Line 76: | ||
'''Archaeology'''<br> | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
| − | + | [JENSEN 2010] | |
* Norway, 4 finds, 3 of gold from the Hoen hoard, 1 of silver | * Norway, 4 finds, 3 of gold from the Hoen hoard, 1 of silver | ||
* Sweden, 1 find of silver | * Sweden, 1 find of silver | ||
| Line 86: | Line 86: | ||
'''Archaeology'''<br> | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
| − | + | [JENSEN 2010] | |
* Gotland, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver | * Gotland, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver | ||
'''Discussion'''<br> | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
| Line 101: | Line 101: | ||
** Nørre Onsild sogn. Silver, Woman's grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.207] | ** Nørre Onsild sogn. Silver, Woman's grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.207] | ||
*Germany | *Germany | ||
| − | ** Hedeby. Silver, grave. [ROESDAHL | + | ** Hedeby. Silver, grave. [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992:cat. 187] |
* Gotland, 6 finds, 2 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 of amber, 1 from a male grave, c.1000AD | * Gotland, 6 finds, 2 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 of amber, 1 from a male grave, c.1000AD | ||
| − | ** Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010:cat.465] [ROESDAHL | + | ** Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010:cat.465] [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992:cat.143] [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:cat.521] [WOV 2003:cat.753] |
| − | ** Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010:cat.1377] [ROESDAHL | + | ** Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010:cat.1377] [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992:cat.143] |
** Hellvi. SHM 22917. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.499] | ** Hellvi. SHM 22917. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.499] | ||
** Grötlingbo. SHM 32181. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.1629] Found in head region. Bhr 1966:08. [RUNDKVIST 2003:p.186] | ** Grötlingbo. SHM 32181. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.1629] Found in head region. Bhr 1966:08. [RUNDKVIST 2003:p.186] | ||
| Line 121: | Line 121: | ||
Silver or copper alloy<br> | Silver or copper alloy<br> | ||
'''Archaeology'''<br> | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
| − | + | [JENSEN 2010: p.63] | |
* Denmark, 4 finds of copper alloy, 750-1100AD | * Denmark, 4 finds of copper alloy, 750-1100AD | ||
* Skane, 1 find of silver, C10th | * Skane, 1 find of silver, C10th | ||
| Line 127: | Line 127: | ||
* Sweden, 3 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 found in women’s graves, 750-975AD | * Sweden, 3 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 found in women’s graves, 750-975AD | ||
'''Discussion'''<br> | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
| − | Dated by Jensen to 900-950AD. | + | Dated by Jensen to 900-950AD. [JENSEN 2010: p.63]<br> |
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 158: | Line 158: | ||
'''Archaeology'''<br> | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
'''Discussion'''<br> | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
| − | + | [ROESDAHL & WILSON: 1992] | |
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 179: | Line 179: | ||
* 1 from York, after 860AD | * 1 from York, after 860AD | ||
'''Discussion'''<br> | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
| − | Jensen makes a case for this style of pendent being a Hedeby local tradition. | + | Jensen makes a case for this style of pendent being a Hedeby local tradition. [JENSEN 2010]<br> |
<br> | <br> | ||
| Line 188: | Line 188: | ||
{{Ref|PAS}} | {{Ref|PAS}} | ||
{{Ref|Roesdahl & Wilson 1992}} | {{Ref|Roesdahl & Wilson 1992}} | ||
| + | {{Ref|Rundkvist 2003}} | ||
{{Ref|WOV 2003}} | {{Ref|WOV 2003}} | ||
<HarvardReferences /> | <HarvardReferences /> | ||
Revision as of 19:08, 14 March 2016
More Necklaces pages
Thor's Hammers
Valkyrie and other Human Amulets
Valkyrie and other Human Amulets
Miniature Weapons
Miniature axes
Archaeology
Discussion
Miniature spears
Archaeology
Discussion
Miniature swords
Archaeology
Discussion
Other animal figurines
Archaeology
Discussion
Snake figurines (V/F)
Archaeology
[JENSEN 2010]:p.37-39
- England, 1 find of jet
- Ireland, 3 finds, 2 of wood, 1 of stone
- Denmark, 4 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 1 unknown, 1 from a woman’s grave
- Norway, 4 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver, 1 of gold, 1 of jet, 3 from women’s graves
- Sweden, 3 finds of silver, 2 found in women’s graves
Discussion
Miniature shields (V/F)
Archaeology
[JENSEN 2010]:p.49-51
- Denmark, 23 finds, 11 of copper alloy,11 of silver, 1 of unknown
- Norway, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave
- Scania (Sweden), 4 finds of silver
- Sweden, 38 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 37 of silver, 18 from women’s grave
- Gotland (Sweden), 6 finds, 3 of copper alloy, 3 of silver [ARWIDSSON 1989: p.9-18]
- Russia, 7 finds
- Arland (Finland), 1 find
Discussion
Arwidsson has described the finds from Birka: 16 were found all of silver. 15 from women’s graves and one from a child’s grave. Dated to the mid C10th to mid C11th. 8 were found between oval brooches and 5 as part of bead necklaces. They seem to be a Swedish / Danish item and are interpreted as symbolic miniature shields always with a clockwise whorl. Some even have signs that the makers have tried to incorporate a shield grip on the reverse. [ARWIDSSON 1989: p.9-18] [ARBMAN 1940]:pl.97
Bowls, sieves and spoons
Bowls (V/F)
Archaeology
[JENSEN 2010]
- Denmark, 2 finds of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave
- Norway, 8 finds of gold all from Hoen hoard
- Sweden, 12 finds, 10 of silver, 2 of lead, 9 from women’s graves
- Gotland, 2 finds of silver
Discussion
Sieves
Archaeology
[JENSEN 2010]
- Norway, 4 finds, 3 of gold from the Hoen hoard, 1 of silver
- Sweden, 1 find of silver
- Gotland, 5 finds, 2 of copper alloy, 3 of silver
Discussion
Spoons
Archaeology
[JENSEN 2010]
- Gotland, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver
Discussion
Chairs (V)
Archaeology
[JENSEN 2010]:p.58-61
- Denmark, 4 finds of silver, 2 found in woman’s graves, C10th
- Gravlev sogn. Silver, Hoard [JENSEN 2010]:cat.115
- Bornholms amt. Silver, Hoards [JENSEN 2010]:cat.181
- Års sogn. Silver, Hoard [JENSEN 2010]:cat.206
- Nørre Onsild sogn. Silver, Woman's grave. [JENSEN 2010]:cat.207
- Germany
- Hedeby. Silver, grave. [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:cat. 187
- Gotland, 6 finds, 2 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 of amber, 1 from a male grave, c.1000AD
- Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010]:cat.465 [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:cat.143 [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980]:cat.521 [WOV 2003]:cat.753
- Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010]:cat.1377 [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:cat.143
- Hellvi. SHM 22917. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010]:cat.499
- Grötlingbo. SHM 32181. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010]:cat.1629 Found in head region. Bhr 1966:08. [RUNDKVIST 2003]:p.186
- Hejnum. SHM 876. Copper Alloy, grave. Lost? [JENSEN 2010]:cat.1410
- Sanda. SHM 21187. Copper Alloy, stray. Part of an amulet set of a horse, sword, spear, chair & shield. [JENSEN 2010]:cat.1846
- Sweden, 5 finds, 4 of silver, 3 from women’s graves, c.750-975AD
- Edsberg. Silver, hoard [JENSEN 2010]:cat.570
- Birka. SHM 34000. Silver, grave Bj.968 [JENSEN 2010]:cat.847 [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980]:cat.520 [WOV 2003]:cat.5288 [ARBMAN 1940]:Taf.92.14 (SHM Online) (Birka Burials Online)
- Birka. SHM 34000. Silver, grave Bj.844 [JENSEN 2010]:cat.829 (Birka Burials Online)
- Birka. SHM 34000. Silver, grave Bj.632. Part of a Treasure Necklace. [JENSEN 2010]:cat.798 (Birka Burials Online)
- Langlöt. Amber, grave [JENSEN 2010]:cat.1331
Discussion
Miniature wheels (V)
Silver or copper alloy
Archaeology
[JENSEN 2010]:p.63
- Denmark, 4 finds of copper alloy, 750-1100AD
- Skane, 1 find of silver, C10th
- Norway, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver, C10th
- Sweden, 3 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 found in women’s graves, 750-975AD
Discussion
Dated by Jensen to 900-950AD. [JENSEN 2010]:p.63
Capsules and “scare-men”
Archaeology
Discussion
Staff-rings
Archaeology
Discussion
Miniature sickles and scythes
Archaeology
Discussion
Crosses
Archaeology
Discussion
Strike-a-lights
Archaeology
Discussion
[ROESDAHL & WILSON: 1992]
Legs
Archaeology
Discussion
Lunulae
Archaeology
Discussion
Anchors
Shaped as an anchor. All are made from lead.
Archaeology
- 10 from Hedeby, unknown date but must be between 806-1066AD
- 1 from York, after 860AD
Discussion
Jensen makes a case for this style of pendent being a Hedeby local tradition. [JENSEN 2010]
Reference
Arbman, Holger (1940) Birka 1 Die Graber: Tafeln. [The Graves: Plates] Birka, Kungliga Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien [ARBMAN 1940] ^ 1 2 *
Graham-Campbell, James (ed.) (1980) Viking Artefacts, A Select Catalogue. British Museum Publications [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980] ^ 1 2 *
Jensen, Bo (2010) Viking Age Amulets in Scandinavia and Western Europe.. British Archaeological Reports: BAR S2169 [JENSEN 2010] ^ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 *
Roesdahl, Else, and Wilson, David M. (eds.) (1992) From Viking to Crusader, The Scandinavians and Europe 800-1200. Nordic Council of Ministers. [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992] ^ 1 2 3 *
