Changes
{{Stars1Stars2|Category = Necklaces|Typology = Amulet Typology|TypologyFile = Amulets.png}}{{Necklace}}{{MajorRef|Jensen 2010}} Amulets are classed as protective items and usually are in the shape of a specific object.<br>[[Pendants]] may or may not be protective items and are generally more stylistic or are items that have been repurposed. <br>
==Thor's Hammers==
See main article: [[Thor's Hammers]]<br><gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">Ha85.jpg|England, CuerdaleNorwich-Thors Hammer-3.JPG|England, NorwichNorwich-Thors Hammer-4-7.JPG|England, NorwichR679.jpg|NorwayM624.JPG|SwedenNorwich-Thors Hammer-1.JPG|England, NorwichNorwich-Thors Hammer-2.JPG|England, NorwichHedeby Thors hammer.JPG|Denmark, HedebyHedeby_Amber_Thors_hammer.JPG|Denmark, HedebyM626.jpg|Sweden</gallery>
<br>
==Valkyrie and other Human Amulets ==
See main article: [[Valkyrie and other Human Amulets]]<br><gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">PAS_Valkyrie_LEIC-C58A13.jpg|PASPAS_Valkyrie_SF9305.jpg|PASNorwich-Valkyrie-1.JPG|England, NorwichHedeby_Brooch_Valkeyrie.JPG|Denmark, HedebyNorwich-Valkyrie-2.JPG|England, NorwichPAS_Valkyrie_SF10754.jpg|PAS</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
Hedeby_Amulet_Sword.JPG
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
==Snake figurines ([[V]]/[[F]])==
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* England, 1 find of jet
* Ireland, 3 finds, 2 of wood, 1 of stone
* Sweden, 3 finds of silver, 2 found in women’s graves
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
R690.jpg
</gallery>
<br>
==Miniature shields ([[V]]/[[F]])==
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* Denmark, 23 finds, 11 of copper alloy,11 of silver, 1 of unknown
* Norway, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave
** Norway, Hedmark: Flagstad Parish [http://www.unimus.no/artefacts/khm/86370/?f=html Universitetsmuseene]
* Scania (Sweden), 4 finds of silver
* Sweden, 38 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 37 of silver, 18 from women’s grave
* Gotland (Sweden), 6 finds, 3 of copper alloy, 3 of silver ([ARWIDSSON 1989, : p.9-18)]
* Russia, 7 finds
* Arland (Finland), 1 find
'''Discussion'''<br>
Arwidsson has described the finds from Birka: 16 were found all of silver. 15 from women’s graves and one from a child’s grave. Dated to the mid C10th to mid C11th. 8 were found between oval brooches and 5 as part of bead necklaces. They seem to be a Swedish / Danish item and are interpreted as symbolic miniature shields always with a clockwise whorl. Some even have signs that the makers have tried to incorporate a shield grip on the reverse. ([ARWIDSSON 1989, : p.9-18) (] [ARBMAN 1940, : pl.97)]<br><gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">Birka_shield_amulet_Gr.954.jpg|Birka Gr.954Birka_shield_amulet_Gr.817.jpg|Birka Gr.817</gallery>
<br>
==Bowls, sieves and spoons==
===Bowls ([[V]]/[[F]])===
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* Denmark, 2 finds of silver, 1 from a woman’s grave
* Norway, 8 finds of gold all from Hoen hoard
* Gotland, 2 finds of silver
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* Norway, 4 finds, 3 of gold from the Hoen hoard, 1 of silver
* Sweden, 1 find of silver
* Gotland, 5 finds, 2 of copper alloy, 3 of silver
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* Gotland, 2 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 1 of silver
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
==Chairs ([[V]])==
'''Archaeology'''<br>
** Nørre Onsild sogn. Silver, Woman's grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.207]
*Germany
** Schleswig-HolsteinHedeby. Silver, grave. [ROESDAHL and & WILSON 1992:cat. 187]
* Gotland, 6 finds, 2 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 of amber, 1 from a male grave, c.1000AD
** Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010:cat.465] [ROESDAHL and & WILSON 1992:cat.143] [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:cat.521] [WOV 2003:cat.753]** Fölhagen, Björke. SHM 3547. Silver, Hoard. [JENSEN 2010:cat.1377] [ROESDAHL and & WILSON 1992:cat.143] ** Hellvi. SHM 22917. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.499] ** Grötlingbo. SHM 32181. Amber, grave. [JENSEN 2010:cat.1629] Found in head region. Bhr 1966:08. [RUNDKVIST 2003:p.186] ** Hejnum. SHM 876. Copper Alloy, grave. Lost? [JENSEN 2010:cat.1410] ** Sanda. SHM 21187. Copper Alloy, stray. Part of an amulet set of a horse, sword, spear, chair & shield. [JENSEN 2010:cat.1846]
* Sweden, 5 finds, 4 of silver, 3 from women’s graves, c.750-975AD
** Edsberg. Silver, hoard [JENSEN 2010:cat.570]
** Birka. SHM 34000. Silver, grave Bj.968 [JENSEN 2010:cat.847] [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:cat.520] [WOV 2003:cat.5288] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf.92.14] [http://www.historiska.se/historia/manadensforemal/2008/Sejdhallen---en-biljett-till-varlden/ (SHM Online)] [http://mis.historiska.se/mis/sok/kontext.asp?kid=1152 (Birka Burials Online)]** Birka. SHM 34000. Silver, grave Bj.844 [JENSEN 2010:cat.829] [http://mis.historiska.se/mis/sok/kontext.asp?kid=1033 (Birka Burials Online)]** Birka. SHM 34000. Silver, grave Bj.632 . Part of a [[Treasure Necklaces|Treasure Necklace]]. [JENSEN 2010:cat.798] [http://mis.historiska.se/mis/sok/kontext.asp?kid=834 (Birka Burials Online)]
** Langlöt. Amber, grave [JENSEN 2010:cat.1331]
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
Hedeby_Amulet_Chair_1.JPG
</gallery>
<br>
==Miniature wheels ([[V]])==
Silver or copper alloy<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* Denmark, 4 finds of copper alloy, 750-1100AD
* Skane, 1 find of silver, C10th
* Sweden, 3 finds, 1 of copper alloy, 2 of silver, 2 found in women’s graves, 750-975AD
'''Discussion'''<br>
Dated by Jensen to 900-950AD. ([JENSEN 2010, : p.63)]<br><gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;"></gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
Hedeby_Cross_1.JPG|Denmark, Hedeby
Hedeby_Cross_2.JPG|Denmark, Hedeby
Hedeby_Cross_3.JPG|Denmark, Hedeby
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
Hedeby Amulet Amber Leg.JPG|Denmark, Hedeby
</gallery>
<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
'''Discussion'''<br>
<gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">
</gallery>
<br>
* 1 from York, after 860AD
'''Discussion'''<br>
Jensen makes a case for this style of pendent being a Hedeby local tradition. ([JENSEN 2010)]<br><gallery mode=Packed heights=120px style="Padding-left:30px; text-align:left;">Hedeby_Amulet_Anchor.JPG|Denmark, Hedeby</gallery>
<br>
==Reference==
<HarvardReferences />
