Changes
{{evidence
|Art=
* Louis the Pious (826AD) ([EWING 2007, : p.115)]
* Fuller brooch (late C9th)
|Literature =
* Einhard: Life of Charlemagne (c.829-836AD) in winter by a close-fitting coat of otter or marten skins.
* Ólpa, stakkr, kufl: Norse for clothing made out of shaggy felt or fur ([HAGG 1984, : p.186)].
|Archaeology =
* Hedeby, Denmark (late C10th – early C11th) 9 fragments of heavy fluffy woollen (5mm thick) body warmers ([HAGG 1984, : p.183-185) ] cut to wrap around the front of the body and to reach to just below the waist. One of the Hedeby finds had a trace of bronze near the bottom corner probably from a bronze pin ([EWING 2007, : p.111)]
|Discussion =
Geijer translates Einhard’s description as a ‘waist coat’ ([GEIJER 1938, : p.148)]<br>Hagg puts forward a theory that the woollen finds from Hedeby would have been worn by normal people as an affordable version of the fur body warmers worn by the rich ([HAGG 1984, : p.183-185)]<br>Ewing describes Einhard’s garment as “this garment covered just the chest and shoulders; the kings thorax is of otters kin or ermine and he wears it for warmth” ([EWING 2007, : p.110-111)]<br>
}}
<br>
==Reference==
{{Ref|Ewing 2007}}
{{Ref|Geijer 1938}}
{{Ref|Hagg 1984}}
{{Ref|Hagg 1986}}
{{Ref|Jansson 1986}}
{{Ref|Owen-Crocker 2004}}
{{Ref|Thunmark-Nylen 1984}}
<HarvardReferences />
[[Category:Men's Clothing]]
