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France: L'Ile de Groix

2,804 bytes added, 19:38, 21 February 2020
{{Stars2Stars3|Category = Selected Burials}}{{Select Burials}}{{MajorRef|Bjorn & Shetelig 1940|Chatellier & Pontois 1908}}
The Viking ship burial found at L'lle de Groix in 1906 is well known for it's unique shield bosses. Although mentioned in many books I found it difficult to find our more about the other objests found along side the shield bosses. This article aims to resolve this. <br>
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In 1940 Shetelig's 'Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland, Volume IV' [BJORN and & SHETELIG 1940] summarised the original french 1908 journal report. [CHATELLIER and & PONTOIS 1908:p.137-232]. It is the authors intention to try and marry Bjorna Bjorn's and Shetelig's summaries (in green text) with the images from the original 1908 French journal article. Where more information has been gained since the 1940's this has been added after the 1940's summary.
|width="600pt"| '''Sword Type O'''
[[File:L'lle de Groix Sword Reconstruction.jpg|thumb|right|100x150px|left]]
{{Colour|Green|The guard and the cross-piece of the pommel of a sword, of the five lobed type Jan Petersen O. Both pieces are of iron plated with silver and decorated with a peculiar scroll patterns, composed of ribbons filled with dots, resembling Jan Petersen fig.105. Scanty fragments only of the blade are extant. [BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Sword R"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Sword R.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Sword Type R'''
{{Colour|Green|Fragment of the guard of a sword of iron, with plain bronze inlay, and three-lobed pommel of the same sword, Jan Petersen type R.[BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Sword Scabbard Chape"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Sword Scabbard Chape.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Sword Scabbard Chape'''
{{Colour|Green|The ferrule of a sword's scabbard, of bronze, with open-work ornament presenting the figure of a bird with wings spread. [BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Spear heads"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Spear heads.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''3 Spear heads'''
{{Colour|Green|Small fragments of three spear-heads, one of them of Jan Petersen type I. [[:File:R522.jpg|R522]].[BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Axe heads"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Axe heads.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''2 Axe heads'''
{{Colour|Green|Fragments of two axes, both of them apparently of Jan Petersen type G.[BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Arrow heads"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Arrow heads.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''8 Arrow heads'''
{{Colour|Green|Fragments of 8 arrow-heads of iron, [[:File:R539.jpg|R539]].[BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Scandinavian Shield bosses"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Scandinavian Shield bosses.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''17 Scandinavian Shield bosses'''
{{Colour|Green|Fragments of 17 shield-bosses all of them badly broken and defective. The majority are of the regular Norse type [[:File:R562.jpg|R562]], hemispherical, with a flat rim fastened to the board by four rivets, and with a slight contraction between the boss and the rim. [BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Other Shield bosses"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Other Shield bosses.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''4 Other Shield bosses'''
{{Colour|Green|Four of the bosses present forms never found in Scandinavia. The boss itself is plain and rounded, somewhat steeper than the hemisphere. In two of them the rim is provided with six pointed projections, each of them with three rivets, while two others have the rim provided with eight rounded projections, each of them likewise bearing three rivets. One fragment of a rim shows a densely set series of rivet-holes and the border finely indented and the border finely indented.[BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|- valign="top" id="Knife"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Knife.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Knife'''
{{Colour|Green|Fragment of the blade of an iron knife.[BJORN & SHETELIG 1940]}}
|}
|width="600pt"| '''Celt'''
Fragment of a socketed celt(?) of iron, [[:File:R401.jpg|R401]].
 
|- valign="top" id="Angled chisel"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Angled chisel.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Angled chisel'''
Classed as an unknown object by de Chatellier and Pontois in 1908. In 1996 it was identified as a bent lance head by Arbman and Nilsson and then again by Muller-Wille in 1978. In 1985 Wilson pointed out that the object is similar to that held by a figure on the Bayeux Tapestry. Price in 1989 has then suggested that this must have been an angled wood working chisel.[PRICE 1989:p.74/392]
|}
 
==Dress==
{|
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Plaited Chain.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Plaited chain of silver wire'''
Fragments of a plaited chain of silver wire, like the chain from Ballinaby, Islay, two beads of silver filigree and other small silver beads. A silver button. Remains of silver plating from some other object. |- valign="top" id="Silver Button"|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Silver Button.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]|width="600pt"| '''Silver Button'''A silver button.[BJORN & SHETELIG 1940] |- valign="top" id="Ornamented iron and copper alloy object"|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Ornamented iron and copper alloy object.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]|width="600pt"| '''Ornamented iron and copper alloy object'''An ornamented iron and copper alloy object. Identified as being too wide to be part of a sword pommel and is also unlikely to be part of a brooch [CHATELLIER & PONTOIS 1908:p.181 fig.37]
|- valign="top" id="Plaited Chain"
|width="600pt"| '''Iron chain'''
Fragments of an iron chain, composed of narrow links, each 5.5cms. long. Possibly for the suspension of the cauldron.
 
|- valign="top" id="Irish metal-work"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Irish metal-work.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Irish metal-work'''
Fragment of bronze, a thick oblong plaque, 2cms. wide at the defective lower end, upwards narrowing to 1.5cms. where it terminates in
a solid string of circular section, slightly curved. At the transition between the plaque and the string, there are two lateral projections and, on the front side, a projecting animal head. The front shows traces of a linear ornament and of enamel. It is most probably a piece of Irish metal-work, but the destination of the object cannot be ascertained.
 
|- valign="top" id="Escutcheon"
|width="100pt"| [[File:L'lle de Groix Escutcheon.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Escutcheon'''
A kind of an escutcheon of bronze, 8cms. high, 7cms. wide, in the shape of a broad lozenge, decorated with a central boss surrounded by an equally raised circle. In the corners three rivets, with convex decorated heads, fasten the appliqué to an inner sheet of bronze, possibly the remains of some kind of vessel.
|- valign="top" id="Circular iron mounting"
|- valign="top" id="Rivets"
|width="100pt"| No Picture[[File:L'lle de Groix Rivet.jpg|thumb|100x150px|left]]
|width="600pt"| '''Over 800 clincher rivets'''
More than 800 clincher rivets, the original number certainly having exceeded a thousand, and some 200 nails, beside many fragments. The majority of both kinds have certainly come from a Viking ship cremated on the pyre. But part of the rivets are surprisingly small and suggest that one or more boats followed the ship, as was the case in the Gokstad burial.
==References==
<nocite>*{{Ref|Bjorn & Shetelig 1940}}BJORN1940*{{Ref|Chatellier & Pontois 1908}}duCHATELLIER1908PRICE1989*{{Ref|Price 1989}}
</nocite>
<biblio force=false>#[[Template:Bib]]</biblio>
<HarvardReferences />
[[Category:Sites in FocusSelected Burials]] [[Category:France: L'Ile de Groix]] [[Category:France]]