Changes
/* Beowulf */
'''Anglo-Saxon'''<br>
<gallery heights=170px mode="Packed" style="text-align: left;">
T49 f.18v 1.png|''BL Cotton Cleopatra C VIII folf.18v Late C10th, c.1000''BL Cotton Cleopatra CVIII f.27v.png|''BL Cotton Cleopatra C VIII, f.27v, c.1000''
</gallery>
<gallery heights=170px mode="Packed" style="text-align: left;">
St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek 141.JPG|''[[:Category:St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 22|St. Gallen, Golden Psalter]], c.833''
The Basilewsky Situla (V&A A.18-1933) - Detail 1.jpg|''The Basilewsky Situla (V&A A.18-1933), c.980-81, Milan''
Aachen Ivory Situla Warriors.jpg|''[[:Category:Aachen Cathedral Treasury|Aachen Ivory Situla ]] c.1000''
La Vie De Saint Aubin 1.png|''[[:Category:Paris, Bibliotheque Nationale, NAL 1390|Paris, Bib. Nat., NAL 1390, La Vie De Saint Aubin]] c.1100''
British Lib. Egerton 3763 f. 116v.JPG|BL Egerton 3763, f.116v, c.998-1018
DiJon, Bib. Mun. MS 488 f.68v.png|Dijon, Bib. Mun. MS 488 f.68v, Constellation, c.1000
Hildesheimer Cathedral.png|Hildesheimer Hildesheim Cathedral, c. ????
</gallery>
* 980AD Byzantine [NICOLLE 2005: p.51]
<br><br>
===Type 2c: Mail shirt to mid-thigh or knee, short sleeves & chausses===
''A mail shirt that reaches to the thigh, sleeves that usually come to the elbow and mail covered legs (chausses)''
'''Carolingian / Ottonian'''<br>
<gallery heights=170px mode="Packed" style="text-align: left;">
Vercelli-MS CLXV-9C-detail 1.jpg|''Vercelli Bib., MS CLXV, c.825''
</gallery>
==Type 3: Long Mail Shirts==
Bayeux Tapestry
==Literature==
===Anglo-Saxon Chronicle===
A.D. 1008. <br>
"This year bade the king that men should speedily build ships over all England; that is, a man possessed of three hundred and ten hides to provide a galley or skiff; and a man possessed of eight hides only, to find a helmet and mail shirt."
===Beowulf===
Written in c.1000 but from an older story.<br>
We've started working on a comparison between translations to determine what words may have possibly represented mail shirts.<br><br>
* Heorot http://www.heorot.dk/beowulf-rede-text.html
* Gutenburg http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16328/16328-h/16328-h.htm
* Orford {{listRef|Crossley-Holland 1982}}
* Old English Translator http://www.oldenglishtranslator.co.uk/
Note: <br>
Corslet is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as meaning "a piece of defensive armour covering the body."<br>
Byrnie<br>
Bennet, M., Bradbury, J., DeVries, K., Dickie, I., & Jestice, P. Fighting Techniques of the Medieval World. Thomas Dunne Books, 2005, p. 82<br>
''"There is some dispute among historians as to what exactly constituted the Carolingian byrnie. Relying... only on artistic and some literary sources because of the lack of archaeological examples, some believe that it was a heavy leather jacket with metal scales sewn onto it. It was also quite long, reaching below the hips and covering most of the arms. Other historians claim instead that the Carolingian byrnie was nothing more than a coat of mail, but longer and perhaps heavier than traditional early medieval mail. Without more certain evidence, this dispute will continue."''
<br>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Original Anglo-Saxon !! Heorot !! Gutenburg !! Oxford !! Old English Translator
|-
| (37) of feorwegum '''frætwa''' gelaéded
|| from far-off lands ornate '''armour''' and baubles were brought;
|| (I 37) The famed by the mainmast. A many of jewels,
|| And adornments from far and wide were gathered there
|| 'frætwa' = '''armour'''
|-
| (40) billum ond '''byrnum'''· him on bearme læg
|| bill-blades and '''byrnies'''; there lay on his breast
|| (I 42) Bills and '''burnies'''; on his bosom sparkled
|| Swords and '''corslets'''; on his breast
|| 'byrnum' = '''Corselet'''
|-
| (214)
||
||
||
||
|-
| saéwudu '''saéldon'''· syrcan hrysedon
|| moored their vessel; their '''mail-shirts''' clanked
|| (IV 37) Fastened their vessel (battle weeds rattled, '''War burnies''' clattered)
|| Tying up the boat their '''corslets''' clanked
|| 'saéldon' = '''coat of mail'''
|-
| (237)
||
||
||
||
|-
| (238) '''byrnum''' werede þe þus brontne céol
|| bound in '''byrnies''', who thus your tall keel
|| (IV 49) Clad in your '''corslets''', come thus a-driving A high riding ship
|| In your '''coats of mail''' who have steered your tall ship
|| 'byrnum' = '''Corselet'''
|-
| (322) heard hondlocen '''hringíren''' scí
|| harsh, linked by hand, '''ring-iron''' glittering
|| (VI 4) The ring-sword radiant rang ’mid the '''armor'''
|| The strong links of shining '''chain-mail''' clinked together
||
|-
| (1211) '''bréostgewaédu''' ond se béah somod
|| mail-coat and the ring together
||
||
|| 'Bréost' = '''Breast, stomach, womb, mind, richness''', 'gewaédu' = ????
|}
==References==
