Difference between revisions of "Round Shield Designs"

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m (→‎Spokes)
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''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*c.800-900 Nancy Cathedral Treasury
+
:*Manuscript: c.800-900 Nancy Cathedral Treasury
−
:*c.800-900 Vatican Lat.124
+
:*Manuscript: c.800-900 Vatican Lat.124
 
Ottonian
 
Ottonian
−
:*c,900-1000 Venice Cod. GrZ.479
+
:*Manuscript: c.900-1000 Venice Cod. GrZ.479
−
:*c.985-987 Vatican Lat. 9820
+
:*Manuscript: c.985-987 Vatican Lat. 9820
−
:*c.1000-1050 Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1
+
:*Manuscript: c.1000-1050 Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
−
:*London, British Library, MS Add. 24199
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 24199
−
:*New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, MS 827
+
:*Manuscript: New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, MS 827
−
:*London, British Library, MS Cotton Claudius B IV
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Claudius B IV
−
:*Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 296
+
:*Manuscript: Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 296
 
Norman / Romance
 
Norman / Romance
−
:*c.1076 Bayeux Tapestry
+
:*Textile: c.1076 Bayeux Tapestry
−
:*c.1050-1100 BNF Lat 6 (1)
+
:*Manuscript: c.1050-1100 BNF Lat 6 (1)
−
:*c.1050-1100 BNF Lat 6 (2)
+
:*Manuscript: c.1050-1100 BNF Lat 6 (2)
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Shields Vatican, MS Lat. 9820.jpg|Vatican Lat. 9820
 
file:Shields Vatican, MS Lat. 9820.jpg|Vatican Lat. 9820
Line 51: Line 51:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
:Carolingian
 
:Carolingian
−
:*c.820-830 Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23 Stuttgart Psalter
+
:*Manuscript: c.820-830 Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23 Stuttgart Psalter
 
:Scandinavian
 
:Scandinavian
−
:*c.800 Silver Valkyrie figure, Hårby, Denmark.
+
:*Amulet: c.800 Silver Valkyrie figure, Hårby, Denmark.
−
:*Birka, Silver amulet, Gr.954
+
:*Amulet: Birka, Silver amulet, Gr.954
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Shields Stuttgart, Bibl. Fol.23 fol.34r.JPG|Stuttgart Psalter
 
file:Shields Stuttgart, Bibl. Fol.23 fol.34r.JPG|Stuttgart Psalter
Line 68: Line 68:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
:Carolingian
 
:Carolingian
−
:*c.845-855 Vivian Bible
+
:*Manuscript: c.845-855 Vivian Bible
−
:*c.849-851 Paris Lat 266
+
:*Manuscript: c.849-851 Paris Lat 266
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Shields Paris Lat 266.jpg|Paris Lat 266
 
file:Shields Paris Lat 266.jpg|Paris Lat 266
Line 83: Line 83:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Merovingian
 
Merovingian
−
:*Stone slab from Hornhausen C4th to 7th [DEVIRES and SMITH 2007:p.226]
+
:*Stone Carving: Hornhausen C4th to 7th [DEVIRES and SMITH 2007:p.226]
 
Ottonian
 
Ottonian
−
:*c.1000 Aachen Cathedral Treasury, Ivory Situla
+
:*Ivory Situla: c.1000 Aachen Cathedral Treasury
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Shields Aachen Cathedral Treasury, Ivory Situla.JPG|Aachen Cathedral
 
file:Shields Aachen Cathedral Treasury, Ivory Situla.JPG|Aachen Cathedral
Line 97: Line 97:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*c.915 Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, ubb-B-IV
+
:*Manuscript: c.915 Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, ubb-B-IV
 
Ottonian
 
Ottonian
−
:*c.1000-1010 London, British Library, Harley 2886
+
:*Manuscript: c.1000-1010 London, British Library, Harley 2886
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Basel, Universitätsbibliothek ubb-B-IV-0026 fol.68v.jpg|Basel ubb-B-IV
 
file:Basel, Universitätsbibliothek ubb-B-IV-0026 fol.68v.jpg|Basel ubb-B-IV
Line 113: Line 113:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*{{ListRef|Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23}}
+
:*Manuscript: {{ListRef|Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23}}
−
:*{{ListRef|St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 2}}
+
:*Manuscript: {{ListRef|St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 2}}
 
Ottonian
 
Ottonian
−
:*c.1000 Munich clm 4453 2
+
:*Manuscript: c.1000 Munich clm 4453 2
−
:*c.1000-1050 Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1
+
:*Manuscript: c.1000-1050 Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
−
:*London, British Library, MS Harley 603
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Harley 603
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Shields Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1, fol. 144v.JPG|Arras BM MS 559
 
file:Shields Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1, fol. 144v.JPG|Arras BM MS 559
Line 130: Line 130:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23
+
:*Manuscript: Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23
−
:*St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 2
+
:*Manuscript: St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 2
−
:*c.900 Bern cod. 264 Peristephanon
+
:*Manuscript: c.900 Bern cod. 264 Peristephanon
−
:*c.900 Bern cod. 264 Pychomachia
+
:*Manuscript: c.900 Bern cod. 264 Pychomachia
 
Ottonian
 
Ottonian
−
:*c.990 Aachen, Liuthar Gospels
+
:*Manuscript: c.990 Aachen, Liuthar Gospels
−
:*c.1000 Munich clm 4453 2
+
:*Manuscript: c.1000 Munich clm 4453 2
−
:*c.1000-1020 Bamberg MS A. II. 42 Bamberg Apocalypse
+
:*Manuscript: c.1000-1020 Bamberg MS A. II. 42 Bamberg Apocalypse
 
|- valign="top"
 
|- valign="top"
 
|width="135pt"|[[File:shield_spiral_triads6.jpg|100x100px|center]]
 
|width="135pt"|[[File:shield_spiral_triads6.jpg|100x100px|center]]
Line 144: Line 144:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*c.800-900 Rome, San Pao;o furori le Mura
+
:*Manuscript: c.800-900 Rome, San Pao;o furori le Mura
−
:*Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23
+
:*Manuscript: Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23
−
:*c.825 Vercelli CLXV 9C
+
:*Manuscript: c.825 Vercelli CLXV 9C
−
:*c.850-950 Linden Cod. Perizoni F17 Maccabees
+
:*Manuscript: c.850-950 Linden Cod. Perizoni F17 Maccabees
−
:*c.870 Munich clm 14000
+
:*Manuscript: c.870 Munich clm 14000
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 183
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 183
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 169: Line 169:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 180: Line 180:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
−
:*London, British Library, MS Add. 49598
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 49598
 
Ottonian
 
Ottonian
−
:*c.1025-1075 BL Harley 2908
+
:*Manuscript: c.1025-1075 BL Harley 2908
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 194: Line 194:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
 
Scandinavian
 
Scandinavian
−
:*Birka, Silver amulet, Gr.58A; Gr.817
+
:*Amulet: Birka, Gr.58A; Gr.817
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Birka shield amulet Gr.817.jpg|Birka Gr.817
 
file:Birka shield amulet Gr.817.jpg|Birka Gr.817
Line 208: Line 208:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 218: Line 218:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
 
|}
 
|}
 
{|
 
{|
Line 227: Line 227:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*London, British Library, MS Add. 24199
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 24199
−
:*London, British Library, MS Add. 49598
+
:*Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 49598
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 238: Line 238:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*{{ListRef|Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23}}
+
:*Manuscript: {{ListRef|Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23}}
 
Anglo-Saxon
 
Anglo-Saxon
−
:*Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23: fol.2r
+
:*Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23: fol.2r
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Shields Stuttgart, Bibl. Fol.23 fol.15r.JPG|Stuttgart Psalter
 
file:Shields Stuttgart, Bibl. Fol.23 fol.15r.JPG|Stuttgart Psalter
Line 255: Line 255:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*{{ListRef|Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23}}
+
:*Manuscript: {{ListRef|Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23}}
−
:*c.998-1018 BL Egerton 3763
+
:*Manuscript: c.998-1018 BL Egerton 3763
 
Byzantine
 
Byzantine
−
:*c.998-1018 Paris Psalter
+
:*Manuscript: c.998-1018 Paris Psalter
 
|}
 
|}
  
Line 268: Line 268:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Insular
 
Insular
−
:*c.875-900 St Johns College, MS 9. C, fol.68v, Southhampton Psalter 'Goliath'
+
:*Manuscript: c.875-900 St Johns College, MS 9. C, fol.68v, Southhampton Psalter 'Goliath'
 
Scandinavian
 
Scandinavian
−
:*c.900-1000 Hedeby, Valkyrie pendant
+
:*Amulet: c.900-1000 Hedeby, Valkyrie pendant
 
|}
 
|}
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
Line 283: Line 283:
 
''From Art''<br>
 
''From Art''<br>
 
Carolingian
 
Carolingian
−
:*c.800-825 Amiens Corbie Psalter
+
:*Manuscript: c.800-825 Amiens Corbie Psalter
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
 
file:Shields Amiens BM MS18 Corbie Psalter2.JPG|Corbie Psalter
 
file:Shields Amiens BM MS18 Corbie Psalter2.JPG|Corbie Psalter

Revision as of 19:10, 12 April 2018

Round Shield Designs

Armour

► Armour Images
► Helmet Images
► Shield Images
  Carolingian Helmets
  Conical Helmets
  Domed Helmets
  Great Polish and Russian style Helmets
  Hand and Forearm Protection
  Helmets found in Western Europe
  Jacks and Gambesons
  Kite Shields
  Lamellar and Scale Armour
  Mail Shirts
  Phrygian Caps or Helmets
  Round Shield Bosses
  Round Shield Designs
  Round Shields
  Shields found in Britain



More Armour pages

Completion Rating
This article's completion rating is 2 out of 5. Article structure and content is subject to change as data is still being collected.
Completion Rating
This article's completion rating is 2 out of 5. Article structure and content is subject to change as data is still being collected.
Viking Age Compendium articles on Shields:
VA Round Shield Designs.jpg
Round Shield Designs
Viking Age Compendium articles on Shields:
VA Round Shield Designs.jpg
Round Shield Designs

Evidence for Viking age shield designs come primarily from art. Literature seems to only mention that the shields were painted. One of the things that differentiates post Roman shields from those of the Roman era is the use of spiral designs. These dominate on depictions of shields after AD 400. 16 silver pendants from Birka appear to copy shields complete with spiral design and possible shield handles. [ARWIDSSON 1989:p.9-11]

Colours

Art

Literature

Archaeology

Discussion


Plain

Shield plain.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

  • Manuscript: c.800-900 Nancy Cathedral Treasury
  • Manuscript: c.800-900 Vatican Lat.124

Ottonian

  • Manuscript: c.900-1000 Venice Cod. GrZ.479
  • Manuscript: c.985-987 Vatican Lat. 9820
  • Manuscript: c.1000-1050 Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1

Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 24199
  • Manuscript: New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, MS 827
  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Claudius B IV
  • Manuscript: Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Douce 296

Norman / Romance

  • Textile: c.1076 Bayeux Tapestry
  • Manuscript: c.1050-1100 BNF Lat 6 (1)
  • Manuscript: c.1050-1100 BNF Lat 6 (2)

  • Vatican Lat. 9820

Spirals

4 Spirals

Shield spiral4.jpg

From Art

Carolingian
  • Manuscript: c.820-830 Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23 Stuttgart Psalter
Scandinavian
  • Amulet: c.800 Silver Valkyrie figure, Hårby, Denmark.
  • Amulet: Birka, Silver amulet, Gr.954

  • Stuttgart Psalter

  • Hårby Valkyrie

  • Birka

Spiral_triads_4

4 Spirals with Triads
From Art

Carolingian
  • Manuscript: c.845-855 Vivian Bible
  • Manuscript: c.849-851 Paris Lat 266

  • Paris Lat 266

  • Vivian Bible

5 Spirals

Shield spiral5.jpg

From Art
Merovingian

  • Stone Carving: Hornhausen C4th to 7th [DEVIRES and SMITH 2007:p.226]

Ottonian

  • Ivory Situla: c.1000 Aachen Cathedral Treasury

  • Aachen Cathedral

Spiral_triads_5

5 Spirals with Triads
From Art
Carolingian

  • Manuscript: c.915 Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, ubb-B-IV

Ottonian

  • Manuscript: c.1000-1010 London, British Library, Harley 2886

  • Basel ubb-B-IV

  • BL Harley 2886

6 Spirals

Shield spiral6.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

Ottonian

  • Manuscript: c.1000 Munich clm 4453 2
  • Manuscript: c.1000-1050 Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1

Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Harley 603

  • Arras BM MS 559

Shield spiral dots6.jpg

6 Spirals with Dots
From Art
Carolingian

  • Manuscript: Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23
  • Manuscript: St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 2
  • Manuscript: c.900 Bern cod. 264 Peristephanon
  • Manuscript: c.900 Bern cod. 264 Pychomachia

Ottonian

  • Manuscript: c.990 Aachen, Liuthar Gospels
  • Manuscript: c.1000 Munich clm 4453 2
  • Manuscript: c.1000-1020 Bamberg MS A. II. 42 Bamberg Apocalypse
Shield spiral triads6.jpg

6 Spirals with Triads
From Art
Carolingian

  • Manuscript: c.800-900 Rome, San Pao;o furori le Mura
  • Manuscript: Württembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Bibl. fol. 23
  • Manuscript: c.825 Vercelli CLXV 9C
  • Manuscript: c.850-950 Linden Cod. Perizoni F17 Maccabees
  • Manuscript: c.870 Munich clm 14000

Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 183

7 Spirals

Shield spiral7.jpg

From Art
Scandinavian

  • Lillbjars, Gotland, C8th [HEATH 1985:p.53]
Shield spiral dots7.jpg

7 Spirals with Dots
From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23

8 Spirals

Shield spiral8.jpg

From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Cleopatra C VIII
  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 49598

Ottonian

  • Manuscript: c.1025-1075 BL Harley 2908

10 Spirals

Shield spiral10.jpg

From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23

Scandinavian

  • Amulet: Birka, Gr.58A; Gr.817

  • Birka Gr.817

Shield spiral triads10.jpg

10 Spirals with Triads
From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23

12 Spirals

Shield spiral12.jpg

From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23
100x100px

12 Spirals with Triads
From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 24199
  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Add. 49598

Deformed Spiral

Shield horizontal triads.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 23: fol.2r

  • Stuttgart Psalter

  • Corpus Christi MS23

Circles

Outer Circle

Shield circle.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

Byzantine

  • Manuscript: c.998-1018 Paris Psalter

Separate Circles

Shield circles.jpg

From Art
Insular

  • Manuscript: c.875-900 St Johns College, MS 9. C, fol.68v, Southhampton Psalter 'Goliath'

Scandinavian

  • Amulet: c.900-1000 Hedeby, Valkyrie pendant

  • Southhampton Psalter

  • Hedeby Valkeyrie

Overlapping Circles

Shield carolingian.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

  • Manuscript: c.800-825 Amiens Corbie Psalter

  • Corbie Psalter

Spokes

Thin Spokes

Shield spokes12.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

  • Manuscript: c.800 Trier Apocalypse

Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Claudius B IV
  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius B V
  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Caligula A XIV
Shield spokes dots12.jpg

Thin Spokes with Dots
From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • Manuscript: London, British Library, MS Cotton Claudius B IV

Flared Spokes

Shield spokes8.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

Curved Spokes

Shield spokes curved6.jpg

From Art
Eastern Viking

  • Amulet: Poland, Lisow, Woj. Lubuskie

Crosses

Simple Cross

Shield cross.jpg

From Art
Norman / Romance

  • Bayeux Tapestry

Complex Cross

Shield julius cross.jpg

From Art
Anglo-Saxon

  • c.1000 Oxford Junius 11, Caedmon Manuscript p.57

  • Caedmon Manuscript

Stripe

Shield stripe.jpg

From Art
Norman / Romance

  • Bayeux Tapestry
Shield stripe2.jpg

Stripe with cross
From Art
Norman / Romance

Flared Cross

Shield flared cross closed.jpg

From Art
Ottonian

  • c.1015 Hildesheim door
  • c.1000-1050 Arras, BM MS 559 (435), vol. 1
Shield flared cross open.jpg

Open Flared Cross
From Art
Ottonian

  • c.1040-1055 Biblio. Mun. Avranches MS76

Anglo-Saxon

  • London, British Library, MS Harley 603

  • Arras BM MS 559

Oseberg Cross

Shield oseberg.jpg

From Art

Carolingian
  • c.790-795 BNF Lat. 12048 Gellone Sacramentary
Scandinavian
  • c.834 Oseberg Tapestry

  • Gellone Sacramentary

Goliath

Carolingian

Shield goliath1.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

  • c.800-825 Amiens BM MS18 Corbie Psalter
  • c.820-830 Stuttgart, Bibl. Fol. 23 Stuttgart Psalter

  • Corbie Psalter

Late Saxon

Shield goliath2.jpg

From Art
Carolingian

  • c.820-830 Stuttgart, Bibl. Fol. 23 Stuttgart Psalter

Anglo-Saxon

  • London, British Library, MS Cotton Tiberius C VI:fol.9r,16r

  • Tiberius Psalter

Checkered

Shield checkered.jpg

From Art

  • c.1000-1100 Biblio. Mun. Avranches MS50

  • Avranches MS50

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