Difference between revisions of "Round Shields"
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==Flat round shield== | ==Flat round shield== | ||
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{{evidence | {{evidence | ||
|Art | |Art | ||
| − | |Literature = | + | |Literature = *The battle of Maldon refers to ‘cellod bord’ which has been translated as ‘hollowed shield’ i.e. lenticular although Pollington express doubt regarding this interpretation [POLLINGTON 2006: p.148] |
| − | *The battle of Maldon refers to ‘cellod bord’ which has been translated as ‘hollowed shield’ i.e. lenticular although Pollington express doubt regarding this interpretation [POLLINGTON 2006: p.148] | + | |Archaeology = No curved boards have been found from archaeology.<br> |
| − | |Archaeology = | + | |Discussion = A number of bosses with curved flanges have been found however. These bosses can be interpreted in two ways. Firstly the curved flange helps the boss to bite into the shield board [HARKE 1992]. The second interpretation is that they were used on curved lenticular shields [BEATSON (N.D.) A]. |
| − | No curved boards have been found from archaeology. | + | |
| − | Discussion = | + | |
| − | A number of bosses with curved flanges have been found however. These bosses can be interpreted in two ways. Firstly the curved flange helps the boss to bite into the shield board [HARKE | + | |
Illustrated manuscripts do however show numerous examples of shields that appear to be curved. Again these are open to interpretation with many some people arguing that they are an artistic way of showing flat shields side on [STEPHENSON 2007]. | Illustrated manuscripts do however show numerous examples of shields that appear to be curved. Again these are open to interpretation with many some people arguing that they are an artistic way of showing flat shields side on [STEPHENSON 2007]. | ||
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==Round shield boss (Umbo)== | ==Round shield boss (Umbo)== | ||
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| − | + | See main article [[Round Shield Bosses]] | |
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| − | + | There are four main types of bosses: Viking Domed, Hiberno-Norse / English, Irish and Carolingian. | |
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==Round shield decoration== | ==Round shield decoration== | ||
| − | + | See [[Round Shield Designs]] | |
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==Shield edging== | ==Shield edging== | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
| − | + | {{Ref|Arwidsson 1989}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Beatson (N.D.) a}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Bersu & Wilson 1966}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Cameron 1998}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Devires & Smith 2007}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Foote & Wilson 1970}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Harke 1992}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Heath 1985}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Kongens Borge 2010}} | |
| − | Kongens Borge | + | {{Ref|Nicolaysen 1882}} |
| − | + | {{Ref|PAS 2003}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Pollington 2006}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Skodell 2008}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Stephenson 2007}} | |
| − | + | {{Ref|Wilson 1985}} | |
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<HarvardReferences /> | <HarvardReferences /> | ||
[[Category:Armour]] | [[Category:Armour]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:37, 22 August 2018
| Round Shields |
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More Armour pages
Flat round shield
Art
--
Literature
--
Archaeology
- Oseberg, Norway, 834AD. Shield boards [FOOTE and WILSON 1970: plate 25b]
- Gokstad, Norway, 900AD. Shield boards [NICOLAYSEN 1882]
- Trelleborg, Denmark. Shield boards [Kongens Borge]
- Tira, Latvia, C9th. Shield boards [BEATSON-a]
Discussion
Beason has discussed the use of the flat round shield [BEATSON-a]
All are of planked construction. The Romans used plywood shields but no examples have been found since the C3rd. There is no evidence of plywood shields being used in the Viking Age. [STEPHENSON 2002:p.43]
Additionally they were probably covered in leather at least on the face but more likely on both sides. [CAMERON 1998]
Lenticular round shield
A shield constructed from convex boards in such a way as to create a shallow dish.
Art
--
Literature
- The battle of Maldon refers to ‘cellod bord’ which has been translated as ‘hollowed shield’ i.e. lenticular although Pollington express doubt regarding this interpretation [POLLINGTON 2006]:p.148
Archaeology
No curved boards have been found from archaeology.
Discussion
A number of bosses with curved flanges have been found however. These bosses can be interpreted in two ways. Firstly the curved flange helps the boss to bite into the shield board [HARKE 1992]. The second interpretation is that they were used on curved lenticular shields [BEATSON (N.D.) A].
Illustrated manuscripts do however show numerous examples of shields that appear to be curved. Again these are open to interpretation with many some people arguing that they are an artistic way of showing flat shields side on [STEPHENSON 2007].
Round shield back and grip
Art
- Bible of S Paolo fuori le Mura C9th f.50v
- St Gallen – Golden Psalter f.??
- Suffolk, Valkyrie figure [PAS 2003]
Literature
--
Archaeology
- Trellebord, Denmark. Wooden shield handle [Kongens Borge]
- Balladoole, Isle of Man. Iron shield grip with bands of cross hatched and diagonal decoration and boss shaped terminals – probably insular [BERSU and WILSON 1966:p.14-15]
Discussion
The reverse of the shield is visible on some Carolingian manuscripts.
Round shield boss (Umbo)
See main article Round Shield Bosses
There are four main types of bosses: Viking Domed, Hiberno-Norse / English, Irish and Carolingian.
Oval shields (Poached egg)
An oval shaped usually curved shield.
Art
- A figure on the Bayeux Tapestry c.1086AD [WILSON 1985]
- R2 Life of St Aubin, Angers Abbey c.1100AD
- Lotharingen, France, c.1000AD Now in the cathedral treasure of Aachen [SKODELL 2008]
Literature
--
Archaeology
- 2 possible shields from Norway Trondheim, Norway dated to 1075AD – 1125AD [SKODELL 2008]
Discussion
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Round shield decoration
Shield edging
Leather or rawhide shield edge
Sewn on
The shield boards that have been found have a row of holes around their perimeter. No traces of metal have as yet been identified in them. This means that it is likely that some sort of organic material was used to sow on an edge, probably leather thong, sinew or bast. Late Roman shields have been recovered from Dura Europos and ??? that have remnants of sowing [CAMERON 1998]. The stone carving at Repton has been suggested as having a thickened shield rim [CAMERON 1998]:p.53
Nailed on
An alternative interpreted method for attaching shield edges is by the use of nails. Even though no trace of metal has so far been detected it is possible that shield edges could have been attached by nails.
Metal shield edge
Art
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Literature
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Archaeology
- Birka, Sweden. Metal clips
Discussion
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References
