Changes

* England----Scabbards seem to be predominately made up of 4 layer:** YorkLining -***Core -** GloucesterWrapping -*** Cover -This is probably an over simplification and more information can be found in the Construction section.<br><br>====England===={| class="wikitable sortable"|-!Location!!Date!!Lining!!Core!!Wrapping!!Covering!!Type!!Associated<br>Sword!!Notes!! Reference{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/3 (638) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (32cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MACGREGOR 1982: cat.638 pp.142-143,163] [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3527] [CAMERON 2000: cat.219]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/3 (641) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (17cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MACGREGOR 1982: cat.641 p.163] [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3527] [CAMERON 2000: cat.217]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15544) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (19cm) | Type= York Type 1 Westgate Street | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3494] [CAMERON 2000: cat.158]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (C9th15545) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (42cm) | Type= York Type 1 | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003: One p.3494] [CAMERON 2000:cat.186] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15546) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (66cm) | Type= York Type 1 | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3494] [CAMERON 2000:cat.143] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15547) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (25cm) | Type= York Type 1 | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3494] [CAMERON 2000:cat.157] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15548) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (25cm) | Type= York Type 2 | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3494] [CAMERON 2000:cat.154] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15549) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (40cm) | Type= York Type 3 | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3494] [CAMERON 2000:cat.152] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15550) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (38cm) | Type= York Type 3 | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3494] [CAMERON 2000:cat.250] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15837) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (25cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= 4 fragments from possibly more than one scabbard found | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p. 780mm long3513] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15856) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (55cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, but damaged at the chape endCARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3518] [CAMERON 2000: cat.372] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15894) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= almost complete (70cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, so original length unknownCARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p. Opening 3528] [CAMERON 2000: cat.213] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15895) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (48cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3528] [CAMERON 2000: cat.212] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= York | Number= AY17/16 (15896) | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragment of leather (18cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3528] [CAMERON 2000: cat.211] }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Sommerset, Bath, Upper Borough Wall | Number= | Date= C10th | Lining= animal hair | Core= fragments of wood | Wrapping= remains of textile | Cover= fragment of leather | Type= | Sword= curved guard, probably C10th | Notes= | Reference= [OWEN & DALLAND 1999: p.112] [CAMERON 2000:cat.326]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Oxfordshire, Crowmarsh | Number= | Date= C10th / C11th | Lining= mineralised skin and hair | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= | Type= | Sword= curved guard, probably C10th / C11th | Notes= | Reference= [CAMERON 2000:cat.327]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Gloucester, 1 Westgate Street | Number= | Date= C9th | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= almost complete (78cm) | Type= | Sword= - | Notes= Opening curved (80mm wide with a ). Seam edge/flesh stitch along the edge. Made of one piece of leather and sewn down one side. Impression of a stiffener visible on the inside, the top of which is 85mm from the top of the scabbard. No rivet holes. A 15mm slit is on either side of the impression. Scabbard was probably lined with soft leather or fur. | Reference= [GOUDGE 1979: p.196] [CAMERON 2000:cat.328]** }}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= London, Palace of Westminster | Number= | Date= | Lining= | Core= traces of oak | Wrapping= | Cover= | Type= | Sword= dated to AD 800 | Notes= | Reference= [CAMERON 2000:cat.329]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Lincoln, Fiskerton | Number= | Date= | Lining= | Core= traces of wood | Wrapping= | Cover= | Type= | Sword= | Notes= | Reference= [WILSON 1965:p.33-35] [CAMERON 2000:cat.330]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Durham, Saddler Street | Number= | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= fragments of leather | Type= | Sword= | Notes= butted seam on the back face | Reference= [CAMERON 2000:cat.333]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Derbyshire, Repton | Number= | Date= | Lining= animal hair | Core= traces of wood | Wrapping= | Cover= fragments of leather | Type= | Sword= | Notes= | Reference= [MOULD, CARLISLE & CAMERON 2003:p.3365] [BIDDLE & KJOLBYE-BIDDLE 1992] [CAMERON 2000:cat.334]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Cumwhitton Grave 3 (901) | Number= | Date= | Lining= | Core= | Wrapping= | Cover= | Type= | Sword= | Notes= 16mm leather strap. Assumed to be from a baldric. | Reference= [PATERSON 2014:p.136, 232]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Cumwhitton Grave 4 (900) | Number= | Date= | Lining= animal hair | Core= traces of wood | Wrapping= | Cover= textile spiral binding over the leather cover| Type= | Sword= | Notes= The textile spiral binding started at the mouth and extended 11cm down the scabbard. Trace of fine cord immediately below. Possibly English design?| Reference= [PATERSON 2014:p.136, 226, 231]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Cumwhitton Grave 5 (880) | Number= | Date= | Lining= animal hair | Core= traces of poplar | Wrapping= | Cover= leather | Type= | Sword= | Notes= | Reference= [PATERSON 2014:p.136, 226, 231]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= England | Location= Cumwhitton Grave 6 | Number= | Date= | Lining= | Core= traces of willow | Wrapping= | Cover= textile spiral binding over the leather cover| Type= | Sword= | Notes= The textile spiral binding started at the mouth and extended 8cm down the scabbard. Possibly English design? | Reference= [PATERSON 2014:p.136, 226, 231]}} |} ====Isle of Man====*** {| class="wikitable sortable"|-!Location!!Date!!Lining!!Core!!Wrapping!!Covering!!Type!!Associated<br>Sword!!Notes!! Reference{{Table Scabbard| Country= Isle of Man | Location= Ballateare | Number= | Date= AD 880-920 | Lining= textile | Core= wood | Wrapping= closely woven textile | Cover= leather | Type= | Sword= Petersen Type V | Notes= | Reference= [BERSU & WILSON 1966:p.52-54]| image= [[File:Manx Ballateare Sword.JPG|x100px]] [[File:Manx Ballateare Sword detail.JPG|x100px]]}}{{Table Scabbard| Country= Isle of Man | Location= Cronk Moar: Wooden scabbard with a | Number= | Date= AD 880-920 | Lining= textile | Core= wood | Wrapping= closely woven textile | Cover= leather outer decorated with a raised moulding | Type= | Sword= [[Swords_of_Type_III_found_in_Britain#Isle of Man, Jurby: Cronk Moar|Petersen Type S]] | Notes= | Reference= [BERSU & WILSON 1966: p.72]| image= [[File:Manx-Sword_Cronk_Moar. jpg|x100px]] [[File:Manx-Sword_Cronk_Moar_Scabbard_fitting.jpg|x100px]]* }}|} ==== Scotland====** Sutherland, Balnakiel. Wooden scabbard wrapped with textile. The associated sword was probably an undercoated Petersen type H with a grip bound with horizontal binding of S-plied yarn. [BATEY & PATERSON 2012:p.637-641]** Scar , Orkney. 2 thin laths of wood, either side of the blade and lined with sheepskin or similar. All wrapped in textile. There were no metal fittings associated with the scabbard or any evidence of a leather cover. The associated sword was probably a Petersen type H.[OWEN & DALLAND 1999: p.109-112]* ====Ireland====** Dublin<br>There are 53 fragmentary scabbards from Dublin. Two of which are nearly complete.**DLS 268 18cm remains of leather scabbard cover (AD 1050-1100). [CAMERON 2007:p.127]** DLS 269 32cm remains of embossed leather scabbard cover (AD 1050-1100). [CAMERON 2007:p.127]* Denmark* DLS 270 27cm remains of leather scabbard cover (AD 1050-1075). [CAMERON 2007:p.127]** HedebyDLS 271 fragments of leather cover, pelt hair and wood. Pelt hair found between two laths of wood (1.2mm thick) (AD ?). [CAMERON 2007:p.127]**DLS 272 42cm remains of embossed leather scabbard cover (AD 1000-1100). [CAMERON 2007:p.127]* A * DLS 273 44cm remains of embossed leather (calf) scabbard cover (AD 1035-1055). [CAMERON 2007:p.127]** DLs 274 28cm remains of embossed leather scabbard cover (AD 1025-1075). [CAMERON 2007:p.127] ====Denmark====* Hedeby (from the Harbour) <br> 12 swords were recovered from the Harbour at Hedeby . 10 of these had partial remains of scabbards still attached. [HAGG 1991: p.248-268]** Sword 1 - Wooden scabbard of oak. Plied construction. Lined in animal fur. Covered in two layers of leather.<br> The outer horizontal top layer of wood may be of very thin wood or bast (possibly used to bind instead of textile?). The outer layer of leather has 3 diamonds diamond cut outs down its front created by two layers . Two rows, 3cm apart, of leather decorative metal rivets was located in the area of the top mount. [HAGG 1991: p.248-257, p.265]* Germany* Sword 2 - Wooden scabbard of beech. Possible leather covering.** Sword 3 - Wooden scabbard of alder. Plied construction.** Sword 4 - Wooden scabbard of beech. Lined in animal fur. Bound in cloth. Covered in leather.** Sword 5 - Wooden scabbard of beech. Lined in animal fur. Covered in two layers of leather.** Sword 6 - Wooden scabbard of alder. Possible leather covering.** Sword 7 - Wooden scabbard of maple. Bound in cloth.** Sword 9 - Not enough remains.** Sword 11 - Wooden scabbard of alder. Lined in animal fur. Covered in leather.** Sword 12 - Wooden scabbard. Plied construction. Lined in animal fur. Bound in cloth. Covered in leather. * Hedeby (from the Graves) ====Germany====* Essen Minster ** Covered in stamped gold (late C10-11th). Covered in stamped gold [CAMPBELL 1982:p.171].* Cleverns [BATEY & PATERSON 2012:p.639]*Schortens [BATEY & PATERSON 2012:p.639] ====Sweden====** Birka: <br> 35 swords have been found in graves in Birka. 30 have been a Petersen Typology and 13 have associated remains of a scabbard. *** Bj.514 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940A:p.153-154, fig.102, 103]*** Bj.520 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type Y. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 3:2]*** Bj.324a Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type V. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 3:4]*** Bj.542 Traces of a wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 2:1]*** Bj.644 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] *** Bj.736 Traces of a wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 2:3]*** Bj.750 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] *** Bj.832 Traces of a wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type Y. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 3:1]*** Bj.834 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type X. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940A:fig. 253]*** Bj.842 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] *** Bj.942 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type St ?.[ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940:Taf. 1:1]*** Bj.944 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14] [ARBMAN 1940A:fig. 321]*** Bj.957 Wooden scabbard for a sword of Petersen type H. [ARWINSSON ARWIDSSON 1986:p.14]* ====France====** Saint-Denis, France, ** (c.869 ) [MONTEMBAULT 1998: p.60]