[[Swords found in Britain|Sword found<br>in Britain]]
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<br>{{MajorRef|Peirce 2002}}
==Previous Published Research==
A large number of swords from the Viking Age have been found including at least 2,500 double-edged just from Norway [STALSBERG ND:p.8]. These swords have been well studied over the last century although surprisingly very few changes have been made to Petersen’s original work based on sword hilt styles found in Norway and published in 1919 [PETERSEN 1919]. <br>
<br>
*1919 Petersen: Devised the original hilt typology of 26 types that is still widely used across Europe for classifying and dating Viking swords. Based on finds of Viking swords in Norway this typology remains the most commonly used.*1927 Wheeler: Created a simplified typology of sword hilts based on finds from Britain.:*{{ListRef|Wheeler 1927}}
*1960 Oakeshott: Added two more types to Wheelers typology
:*{{ListRef|Oakeshott 1960}}
*1991 Geibig: Created a modified version of Petersen’s hilt typology based on finds from Western Germany. More importantly he created the first sword blade typology.
<br>:*No access to this document. A summary in English is provided by Jones in Ian Peirce has produced 's 'Swords from the most recent and accessible book on Viking Age'.[JONES 2002]*1991 Oakeshott: Mainly dealing with sword from the subject post Viking-age period.:*{{ListRef|Oakeshott 1991}}*Jakobsson has recently published a number of maps detailing the distribution patterns of Petersen’s sword hilts across Europe.:*No access to this document. Jokobsson's conclusions are discussed in Ian Peirce's 'Swords from the Viking Age swords '. [PEIRCE JONES 2002:p.16]*2002 Peirce: Oakeshott provides an overview of typologies and a discussion on inscribed blades [OAKESHOTT 2002]. Much Jones [JONES 2002]. Peirce provides details on a selection of this article is based upon his workViking Swords, comparing them to Petersen's discoveries.<br><br>:*{{ListRef|Peirce 2002}}
==Sword hilts==
=== Typologies===Two main typologies are primarily used, Petersen’s for The most common method to date a Viking swords and the Wheeler / Oakeshott typology for late Anglo-Saxon onessword is by it's hilt style.<br><br>====Petersen’s typology Summary of Viking swords=Typologies ===Based on finds of Viking swords in Norway this typology remains the most commonly used. The following table attempts to marry Rygh's types to Petersen's typology is based primarily on the and to Wheelers more simplified typology chart published by Peirce [PEIRCE 2002:p.18-19].<br><br>Jakobsson Unfortunately no one has recently published a number of maps detailing the distribution patterns of Petersen’s sword hilts across Europe [PEIRCE 2002:p.16]. Unfortunately the authors attempted to do not have access to this document.<br><br>====Wheeler / Oakeshott typology of late Anglo-Saxon swords====A summary of sword typologies. before and so I have tried been forced to try and guess as best as possible the correlation between Wheeler's types and those of Petersenthe different systems. It is worth noting that a number of sword forms do not sit well within Wheelers types. Please be aware that this table and so I may still be changed rearrange some of them at a later date as more research is done and opinions changeare changed. <br> The typology used by Viking-Age Compendium is included on the far right. <br>
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===Methods of attachmentattaching the Pommel===
Two main methods of attaching the hilt fittings to the blade seem to have been deployed. <br>
====to the upper guard====
The tang passes straight through the pommel and is simply peened over.
<br>
===Hilt Materials===
====Hilt fittings of iron====
The vast majority of sword fittings are made of iron.
<br>
====Hilt fittings of bone or antler====
{{EvidenceMacGregor argues that the ability of bone and antler to withstand even quite savage blows should not be underestimated. [MACGREGOR 1985, p.165]<br>|Art|Literature|'''Finds from Archaeology ='''<br>
* Dublin, 2 possible guards of antler. [HALPIN 2008: p.161-162]
* York, 1 antler cross guard and 1 whale bone pommel [MACGREGOR 1985: p.165]
* Sweden, Sigtuna, 1 elk antler guard [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL and KIDD 1980: p.168-169]
|Discussion = MacGregor argues that the ability of bone and antler to withstand even quite savage blows should not be underestimated. [MACGREGOR 1985, p.165]
}}
=== The Grip ===
====Of wood====