Difference between revisions of "Brooches - Viking Paired Styles"
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− | {{ | + | {{Stars2|Category = Fastenings|Typology = Oval Brooches|TypologyFile = Brooches - Oval.png}} |
+ | {{Brooches}} | ||
+ | ==Oval brooches [V/F]== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ''Usually worn in pairs. The most common theory for their use was to hold up the Hangerock, a distinctive Scandinavian woman's style of dress.''<br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | Viking Age Oval brooches are larger than their Vendel precursors with typical sizes shown in the following table by Martin Rundkvist. [RUNDKVIST 2010:p.155]<br> | ||
+ | Berdal. L 57–113mm <br> | ||
+ | P25. L 96–103mm <br> | ||
+ | P27. L 98–113mm <br> | ||
+ | P37. L 96–110mm <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | {{evidence | ||
+ | |Art | ||
+ | |Literature = | ||
+ | *"Each woman wears on either breast a box of iron, silver, copper or gold; the value of the box indicates the wealth of the husband. Each box has a ring from which depends a knife". Ibn Fadlan's Account of the Rus. | ||
+ | |Archaeology = | ||
+ | An estimated 4000 are known from all over the Viking world [OWEN & DALLAND 1999: p.68].<br> | ||
+ | |Discussion = | ||
+ | Disappear in Denmark during the C10th [ROESDAHL 1982]<br> | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Berdal P11-P24=== | ||
+ | These are a transitional style between the Vendel and Viking styles.<br> | ||
+ | 780AD - 850AD [RUNDKVIST 2010:p.165] <br> | ||
+ | [PETERSEN 1928:p.12-22]<br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P25/26 === | ||
+ | Petersen considered the P25 brooch to be the earliest type of Viking period oval brooch. [PETERSEN 1928:p.24] | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:R650.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P27/28 === | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:R648.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P37 - Gripping Beast Style [V/F]=== | ||
+ | Date: C9th<br> | ||
+ | Includes Petersen types P35, P36, P38, P39 <br> | ||
+ | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
+ | *All Viking Area’s: 500 copies Graham-Campbell quoting 'Paulsen 1933'[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:p.27] | ||
+ | *Norway: 235 copies from 217 finds [PETERSEN 1928]?? | ||
+ | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
+ | P37 is the most common type found at Birka. (OWEN & DALLAND 1999, p.68). Accounts for 3 out of every 5 brooches from Norway and half of those found from the east. [EWING 2007: p.60]<br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | Images: V2C 101a, 101b, 101c, 101d<br> | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | Hedeby_Brooch_Oval.JPG|Hedeby | ||
+ | File:R647.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | File:R649.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P42/43/44 === | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:R657.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | Norwich-Oval_Brooches,_Santon_Downham_(Replica).JPG|England, Santon Downham | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P45 === | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:R653.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P48/49 === | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:R651.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P51 - Late Oseberg Style - Double Shelled [V/F]=== | ||
+ | Date: Early C10th<br> | ||
+ | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
+ | *All Viking Area’s: 1000 copies | ||
+ | *Norway: 469 copies from 310 finds | ||
+ | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
+ | Most common form of brooch. | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | Images: VAC 118<br> | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:R652.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | File:R654.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P52/55 - Baroque Style [V/F]=== | ||
+ | Date: C10th. An eastern style that is rarely found in the west. <br> | ||
+ | P52 are open work with a double shell. P55 are cheaper copies cast in one piece.<br> | ||
+ | '''Archaeology'''<br> | ||
+ | -- | ||
+ | '''Discussion'''<br> | ||
+ | Very common in the east, 25% of finds. Not usually found in the west. [EWING 2007: p.60] | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | Images | ||
+ | :P52 Open – VAC 119, VAC 120, VAC 121<br> | ||
+ | :P55 Solid - | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | File:R655.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | File:R656.jpg|Norway | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===P57 - Jellinge Style [V/F]=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Gotland brooches [V/F]== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Animal-head=== | ||
+ | Gotland only. | ||
+ | Sometimes found in 3’s [EWING 2007: p.60] | ||
+ | [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992: p.192, 300 cat.274] | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | M532.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M533.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M534.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M535.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M536.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M537.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Drum Shaped=== | ||
+ | [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992:p.254 cat.104] | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | M531.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M538.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M539.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | M542.jpg|Sweden | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==References== | ||
+ | {{Ref|Ewing 2007}} | ||
+ | {{Ref|Graham-Campbell 1980}} | ||
+ | {{Ref|Owen & Dalland 1999}} | ||
+ | {{Ref|Petersen 1928}} | ||
+ | {{Ref|Roesdahl 1982}} | ||
+ | {{Ref|Roesdahl & Wilson 1992}} | ||
+ | {{Ref|Rundkvist 2010}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | <HarvardReferences /> | ||
+ | |||
[[Category:Fastenings]] | [[Category:Fastenings]] |
Latest revision as of 20:11, 26 September 2019
Brooches - Viking Paired Styles |
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Oval brooches [V/F]
Usually worn in pairs. The most common theory for their use was to hold up the Hangerock, a distinctive Scandinavian woman's style of dress.
Viking Age Oval brooches are larger than their Vendel precursors with typical sizes shown in the following table by Martin Rundkvist. [RUNDKVIST 2010]:p.155
Berdal. L 57–113mm
P25. L 96–103mm
P27. L 98–113mm
P37. L 96–110mm
Art
--
Literature
- "Each woman wears on either breast a box of iron, silver, copper or gold; the value of the box indicates the wealth of the husband. Each box has a ring from which depends a knife". Ibn Fadlan's Account of the Rus.
Archaeology
An estimated 4000 are known from all over the Viking world [OWEN & DALLAND 1999]:p.68.
Discussion
Disappear in Denmark during the C10th [ROESDAHL 1982]
Berdal P11-P24
These are a transitional style between the Vendel and Viking styles.
780AD - 850AD [RUNDKVIST 2010]:p.165
[PETERSEN 1928]:p.12-22
P25/26
Petersen considered the P25 brooch to be the earliest type of Viking period oval brooch. [PETERSEN 1928]:p.24
P27/28
P37 - Gripping Beast Style [V/F]
Date: C9th
Includes Petersen types P35, P36, P38, P39
Archaeology
- All Viking Area’s: 500 copies Graham-Campbell quoting 'Paulsen 1933'[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980]:p.27
- Norway: 235 copies from 217 finds [PETERSEN 1928]??
Discussion
P37 is the most common type found at Birka. (OWEN & DALLAND 1999, p.68). Accounts for 3 out of every 5 brooches from Norway and half of those found from the east. [EWING 2007]:p.60
Images: V2C 101a, 101b, 101c, 101d
P42/43/44
P45
P48/49
P51 - Late Oseberg Style - Double Shelled [V/F]
Date: Early C10th
Archaeology
- All Viking Area’s: 1000 copies
- Norway: 469 copies from 310 finds
Discussion
Most common form of brooch.
Images: VAC 118
P52/55 - Baroque Style [V/F]
Date: C10th. An eastern style that is rarely found in the west.
P52 are open work with a double shell. P55 are cheaper copies cast in one piece.
Archaeology
--
Discussion
Very common in the east, 25% of finds. Not usually found in the west. [EWING 2007]:p.60
Images
- P52 Open – VAC 119, VAC 120, VAC 121
- P55 Solid -
P57 - Jellinge Style [V/F]
Gotland brooches [V/F]
Animal-head
Gotland only. Sometimes found in 3’s [EWING 2007]:p.60 [ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:p.192, 300 cat.274
Drum Shaped
[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:p.254 cat.104
References