Difference between revisions of "Seax"

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{|
 
{|
|- valign="top" id="1"
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|- valign="top" id="BC1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Dimmock_Cote.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dimmock's Cote]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Dimmock_Cote.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dimmock's Cote]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Cambridge, River Cam at Dimmock's Cote'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Cambridge, River Cam at Dimmock's Cote'''
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:Bibliography- [BJORN 1940:p.69]  
 
:Bibliography- [BJORN 1940:p.69]  
  
|- valign="top" id="2"
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|- valign="top" id="BC2"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Cumwhitton_634.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Cumwhitton 634]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Cumwhitton_634.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Cumwhitton 634]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Cumwhitton, Plough Soil'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Cumwhitton, Plough Soil'''
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:Bibliography- [PATERSON 2014:p.50,51 & Cat.634]  
 
:Bibliography- [PATERSON 2014:p.50,51 & Cat.634]  
  
|- valign="top" id="3"
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|- valign="top" id="BC3"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Cumwhitton_885.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Cumwhitton 885]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Cumwhitton_885.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Cumwhitton 885]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Cumwhitton, Grave 5'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Cumwhitton, Grave 5'''
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:Bibliography- [PATERSON 2014:p.110 & Cat.885]  
 
:Bibliography- [PATERSON 2014:p.110 & Cat.885]  
  
|- valign="top" id="4"
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|- valign="top" id="BK1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Sittingbourne.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Sittingbourne]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_Sittingbourne.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Sittingbourne]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Kent, Sittingbourne'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Kent, Sittingbourne'''
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:Bibliography- [WILSON 1964:cat.80] [[http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details/collection_image_gallery.aspx?assetId=476352&objectId=95276&partId=1 British Museum]]
 
:Bibliography- [WILSON 1964:cat.80] [[http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details/collection_image_gallery.aspx?assetId=476352&objectId=95276&partId=1 British Museum]]
  
|- valign="top" id="5"
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|- valign="top" id="BL1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_ALG84_588_381.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_ALG84_588_381.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London'''
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:Bibliography- [[http://collections.museumoflondon.org.uk/Online/object.aspx?objectID=object-146014&rows=1&start=0 Museum of London]]
 
:Bibliography- [[http://collections.museumoflondon.org.uk/Online/object.aspx?objectID=object-146014&rows=1&start=0 Museum of London]]
  
|- valign="top" id="6"
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|- valign="top" id="BL2"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_1856_Honey_Lane.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London 1856]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_1856_Honey_Lane.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London 1856]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Honey Lane'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Honey Lane'''
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:Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.43]
 
:Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.43]
  
|- valign="top" id="7"
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|- valign="top" id="BL3"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_1879_Park_Street.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London 1879]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_1879_Park_Street.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London 1879]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Park Street'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Park Street'''
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:Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.81]
 
:Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.81]
  
|- valign="top" id="8"
+
|- valign="top" id="BL4"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_Princes_Street.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London Princes St]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_Princes_Street.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London Princes St]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Princes Street'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Princes Street'''
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:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
 
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
  
|- valign="top" id="9"
+
|- valign="top" id="BL5"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_1859_Thames.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London 1859]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_1859_Thames.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London 1859]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London,Thames'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London,Thames'''
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:Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.50]
 
:Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.50]
  
|- valign="top" id="10"
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|- valign="top" id="BL6"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_A1781.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London A1781]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_A1781.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London A1781]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames'''
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:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
 
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
  
|- valign="top" id="11"
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|- valign="top" id="BL7"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_A9313.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London A9313]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_A9313.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London A9313]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames at Blackfriars'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames at Blackfriars'''
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:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
 
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
  
|- valign="top" id="12"
+
|- valign="top" id="BL8"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_A10721.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London A10721]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_A10721.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London A10721]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames at Brentford'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames at Brentford'''
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:Comments-  
 
:Comments-  
 
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
 
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
 +
 +
|- valign="top" id="BL9"
 +
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_A13935.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London A13935]]
 +
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames at Brentford'''
 +
:Current Location- London Museum A13935 (Wheeler 22)
 +
:Type- 900-1100AD
 +
:Find Date- 
 +
:Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ? 
 +
:Comments-
 +
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
 +
 +
|- valign="top" id="BL10"
 +
|width="100pt"| [[File:seax_London_O2136.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London O2136]]
 +
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames at Brentford'''
 +
:Current Location- London Museum O2136
 +
:Type- 500-700AD
 +
:Find Date- 
 +
:Size- Blade Length: 181mm; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ? 
 +
:Comments-
 +
:Bibliography- [MUSEUM OF LONDON]
  
 
|}
 
|}
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{|
 
{|
|- valign="top" id="A1"
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|- valign="top" id="SA1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Aachen.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Aachen]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Aachen.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Aachen]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''Germany, Aachen'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''Germany, Aachen'''
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:Bibliography- [OKASHA 1992:p.64 cat.1 pl.IV]
 
:Bibliography- [OKASHA 1992:p.64 cat.1 pl.IV]
  
|- valign="top" id="D1"
+
|- valign="top" id="SD1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Dublin_DLS4.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin DLS4]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Dublin_DLS4.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin DLS4]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''Ireland, Dublin, Christchurch Place'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''Ireland, Dublin, Christchurch Place'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]  
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]  
  
|- valign="top" id="D2"
+
|- valign="top" id="SD2"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Dublin_DLS5.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin DLS5]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Dublin_DLS5.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin DLS5]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''Ireland, Dublin, Christchurch Place'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''Ireland, Dublin, Christchurch Place'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]  
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]  
  
|- valign="top" id="D3"
+
|- valign="top" id="SD3"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Dublin_DLS11.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin DLS11]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Dublin_DLS11.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin DLS11]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''Ireland, Dublin, Fishamble Street'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''Ireland, Dublin, Fishamble Street'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]  
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]  
  
|- valign="top" id="G1"
+
|- valign="top" id="SG1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Gloucester.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin Gloucester]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_Gloucester.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=Dublin Gloucester]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Gloucester'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, Gloucester'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.]  
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.]  
  
|- valign="top" id="Y1"
+
|- valign="top" id="SY1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_Coppergate.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York Coppergate]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_Coppergate.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York Coppergate]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York, Coppergate'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York, Coppergate'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.]  
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.]  
  
|- valign="top" id="Y2"
+
|- valign="top" id="SY2"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_sf.753.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York sf.753]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_sf.753.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York sf.753]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York, Parliament Street'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York, Parliament Street'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.113]   
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.113]   
  
|- valign="top" id="Y3"
+
|- valign="top" id="SY3"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_sf.754.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York sf.754]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_sf.754.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York sf.754]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York, Parliament Street'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York, Parliament Street'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.112]  
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.112]  
  
|- valign="top" id="Y4"
+
|- valign="top" id="SY4"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_sf.4332.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York sf.4332]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_York_sf.4332.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=York sf.4332]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, York'''
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:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.135]  
 
:Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.135]  
  
|- valign="top" id="L1"
+
|- valign="top" id="SL1"
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_London_Cheapside.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London Cheapside]]
 
|width="100pt"| [[File:sheath_London_Cheapside.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left|alt=London Cheapside]]
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Cheapside'''
 
|width="600pt"| '''England, London, Cheapside'''

Revision as of 20:43, 28 September 2014


More Weapons pages

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A large knife with a blade length of 18cm (7") or longer possibly used in combat.
For longer Seaxes over 30cm (12") see Langseax and for Scandinavian combat knives see Norse Style Knives.

Harke defined knives and short seaxes by size with knives being under 175mm and short seaxes being over 180mm. [CAMERON 2000:p.49]. Like Esther Cameron we have also used this as our definition. Blades of over 12" in length are more usually defined as Langseaxes.
The short seax is also known as a Scramasax, a Hadseax or just a Sax. The term Scramasax comes from Gregory of Tours writing in 575AD, who speaks of "boys with strong knives (cultris validis), which they commonly call scramasaxes (scramasaxos)." in his History of the Franks (IV, 52). [WHEELER 1935:p.176] It is not known if this name continued in use into the Viking Age.
It is not uncommon for burials in the Viking age to contain more than one knife. [BERSU and WILSON 1966: p.41] Wheeler gives his opinion that small heavy seaxes were in use up until the end of the C10th but that as a weapon it really belongs to the pre-Viking period. [WHEELER 1927: p.30]
Seaxs from the Viking Age never have metal fittings unlike the pagan Anglo-Saxon examples.

Images of Seaxes (C8th to C11th)

  • 775-800AD St. Andrew Sarcophagus
  • C8th England, Derbyshire, Repton. Stone carving, [CAMERON 2000:p.200] [HINTON 2005: p.105]
  • 850-900AD Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, Lat. 9987. Psychomachia
  • C9th Paris, BNF, Lat. 8085 fol.57r. Virtue, armed with a sword and seax, combating a Vice. [BNF]
  • C10th Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, ms. 10066-77 Psychomachia f.112r-139r
  • England, Dorset, Cranborne. Silver strap-end [HINTON 2005: p.113]
  • Middleton Warrior [BAILEY 1980:pl.14]
  • 975-1000AD Cambridge, Corpus Christi College MS23, f.23r.[PARKER]
  • 1025-1050AD Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat 8824 - seax.jpg [OHLGREN 1992]
  • 1076AD Bayeux Tapestry [WILSON 1985:pl.6, 7]


Literature (C9th to C11th)

  • Beowulf c.1000AD
    • "Grendel's mother; the hard man of conflict then heaved, now that he was enraged, the deadly foe, so that she fell to the floor; she again him quickly gave hand-reward with wrathful grips and clutched him against herself; hen, weary in spirit, he stumbled, the strongest man, warrior on foot, so that he was in a fall; then she bestrode the guest in her hall, and drew her seax, broad and bright-edged; she wished to avenge her son, only offspring;" lines 1538-1547 heorot.dk
    • "Then again the king himself gathered his wits, drew a slaughter-seax bitter and battle-sharp, that he wore on his byrnie;" lines 2702-2704 heorot.dk
    • "beside him lies his life-contender sick with seax-wounds" line 2903-2904 heorot.dk



English Seax Blades (C9th to C11th)

Seax Blades

Out of 128 knives found from Coppergate York, only 1 can be classed as a seax. [CAMERON 2000: p.64-65]

England, Cambridge, River Cam at Dimmock's Cote
Current Location- University of Archaeology and Ethnology, Cambridge
Type- ? 800AD
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ?
Comments- 'large scramasax with a groove along the back of the blade' [BJORN 1940:p.69].
Bibliography- [BJORN 1940:p.69]
England, Cumwhitton, Plough Soil
Current Location- Tullie House Museum
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: 30mm; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: 220mm
Comments- 'Patern-welded blade with remains of possible leather sheath still attached' [PATERSON 2014:cat.634].
Bibliography- [PATERSON 2014:p.50,51 & Cat.634]
England, Cumwhitton, Grave 5
Current Location- Tullie House Museum
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: 182mm; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: 270mm
Comments- 'Part pattern welded. Has a horn handle with inlaid silver wire.' [PATERSON 2014:cat.885].
Bibliography- [PATERSON 2014:p.110 & Cat.885]
England, Kent, Sittingbourne
Current Location- British Museum 1881,0623.1
Type- Wheeler IV 900-925AD
Find Date- 1881
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ?
Comments- 'inlaid with copper, bronze, silver and niello.' [WILSON 1964:cat.80].
Bibliography- [WILSON 1964:cat.80] [British Museum]
London
England, London
Current Location- London Museum ALG84[588]381
Type- Wheeler III/II 1000-1100AD
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: 247mm
Comments-
Bibliography- [Museum of London]
England, London, Honey Lane
Current Location- British Museum 1856,7-1,1413
Type- Wheeler IV 978-1016AD
Find Date- 1856
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: 327mm
Comments-
Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.43]
England, London, Park Street
Current Location- British Museum 1879,12-22.1
Type- 800-1000AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: 266mm
Comments-
Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.81]
England, London, Princes Street
Current Location- London Museum 29.94,17 (Wheeler 21)
Type- 900-1000AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
England, London,Thames
Current Location- British Museum 1859,1-22.12
Type- 800-1000AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: 232mm
Comments-
Bibliography- [WILSON 1965:Cat.50]
London A1781
England, London, Thames
Current Location- London Museum A1781 (Wheeler 25)
Type- 900-1100AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: 247mm; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: 334mm
Comments-
Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
England, London, Thames at Blackfriars
Current Location- London Museum A9313 (Wheeler 8)
Type- 800-1000AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
England, London, Thames at Brentford
Current Location- London Museum A10721 (Wheeler 11)
Type- 700-900AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
England, London, Thames at Brentford
Current Location- London Museum A13935 (Wheeler 22)
Type- 900-1100AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: ?; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:p.]
England, London, Thames at Brentford
Current Location- London Museum O2136
Type- 500-700AD
Find Date-
Size- Blade Length: 181mm; Blade Width: ?; Blade Thickness: ?; Total Length: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [MUSEUM OF LONDON]


English style Seax Sheathes (C9th to C11th)

Seax Sheaths

Seax sheaths are made from substantial leather up to 3mm thick and closed by rivets about 4 to 5cm apart. In England there are 12 finds of Seax sheaths out of a total of 61 [CAMERON 2000: p.64-65]

Germany, Aachen
Current Location- Aachen Cathedral Treasury
Type- ?
Find Date- before 1860
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: 470mm ; Total Width: ?
Comments- Contains a name in Old English
Bibliography- [OKASHA 1992:p.64 cat.1 pl.IV]
Ireland, Dublin, Christchurch Place
Current Location- ? (Cameron 2007 cat.DLS 4)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: 367mm ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]
Ireland, Dublin, Christchurch Place
Current Location- ? (Cameron 2007 cat.DLS 5)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: 295mm ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]
Ireland, Dublin, Fishamble Street
Current Location- ? (Cameron 2007 cat.DLS 11)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: 405mm ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2007:p.]
England, Gloucester
Current Location- ? (Cameron 2000 cat.349)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: 405mm ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.]
England, York, Coppergate
Current Location- ? (Cameron 2000 cat.206)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: ? ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.]
England, York, Parliament Street
Current Location- ? sf.753 (Cameron 2000 cat.207)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: ? ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.113]
England, York, Parliament Street
Current Location- ? sf.754 (Cameron 2000 cat.205)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: ? ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.112]
England, York
Current Location- ? sf.4332 (Cameron 2000 cat.347)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: ? ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [CAMERON 2000:p.135]
England, London, Cheapside
Current Location- ? (Cameron 145)
Type- ?
Find Date- ?
Size- Blade Length: ?; Total Length: ? ; Total Width: ?
Comments-
Bibliography- [VINCE 1991] [CAMERON 2000:p.208]


A few Seax Sheathes from the C8th

  • Dover, Buckland, grave 145, leather sheath dated to 700-750AD
  • London, River Thames nr. Westminster Bridge, metal fittings, late C8th
  • York [MOULD, CARLISLE and CAMERON 2003: p3379-3385]
  • Ireland, Dublin. Style E1 [CAMERON 2007: p.15-20]
  • [CAMERON 2000: p.64-65]
  • England, London. One find from cheapside could have had a blade of 25cm. [CAMERON 2000: p.64-65]


See Also

Langseax
Norse Style Knives


References

<nocite> BAILEY1980 BERSU1966 CAMERON2000 CAMERON2003 CAMERON2007 HINTON2005 OKASHA1992 VINCE1991 WilSON1965 WILSON1985 WHEELER1927 WHEELER1935 </nocite> <biblio force=false>#Template:Bib</biblio>