Sword Scabbard Chapes

Art
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Literature
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Archaeology

• England
  • Ashwell, Hertfordshire C9th. Tree of life design. [dayofarchaeology.com] Note: We cannot verify this find in any other source.
  • Castor, Peterborough ^{[CAMERON 2000]:p.194 fig.258}
  • Lincolnshire. Anglo-Scandinavian ^{[HAMMOND 2010]:p.80 fig.1.8.4-d}

Discussion
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Paulsen's Type II.3
'Chapes with Germanic quadruped motif - Animal Style of the Baltic Region'
Paulsen lists a total of 10 finds of this group ^{[PAULSEN 1953]:pp.48-53}

Andrshchuk Type 2
'Beast in Borre style with a mask in the middle'
Androshchuk dates this type to c.970s-980s ^{[ANDROSHCHUK 2014]:pp.15-118}

875-950AD
Odin as shape-shifting sorcerer and shaman. Protection. [HEDENSTIERNA-JONSON 2006b:p.321] A small group of sword chapes combining Borre style decoration with a possible Christian motif - the Crucifixion. Possibly originated in Denmark. [HEDENSTIERNA-JONSON 2006b:p.315]
Art
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Literature
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Archaeology

• Russia, Ukrane. 2 finds. ^{[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:cat.310 [WOV 2003]:cat.4333}
• Sweden, Birka
• Gotland. found in 1889 [:AN1909.95]
• Germany, Bautzen ^{[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:cat.263}
• Iceland, Lundur. 1 find, possibly from Gotland ^{[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:cat.330}

Discussion
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9th/10th Century
Art
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Literature
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Archaeology

• England, Hull ^{[MILLS 2001]:p101 fig.V281}
• Iceland, Ljarskogar ^{[HAYEUR SMITH 2003]:p.354 no.5072}

Discussion
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Paulsen's Type I.1
'Chapes with Germanic Bird Motif - Scandinavian Group'
Paulsen lists a total of 17 finds of this group ^{[PAULSEN 1953]:pp.17-21}

Andrshchuk Type 3c
'Bird/Beast in Borre/Jelling/Mammen style'
Androshchuk dates this type to the 10th century ^{[ANDROSHCHUK 2014]:pp.15-118}

Art
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Literature
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Archaeology

• Denmark
  • Hareskovby, Sjaelland. Bronze. ^{[WOV 2003]:p.1118}
• Norway
  • Norway. R516. ^{[RYGH 1885]:R516}
• Iceland
  • Hafurbjarnarstodum, Iceland. ^{[WOV 2003]:p.7091 [HAYEUR SMITH 2003]:p.168}
• Sweden
  • Valleberga, Skane. Bronze. ^{[WOV 2003]:p.1170}

Discussion
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A variation on this type only seemingly found in Poland is Paulsen's type Ib2. Dated to 900-1025AD. ^{[JANOWSKI 2006]:p.181 [JANOWSKI 2007]:p.157-159}.

Paulsen's Type II.1
'Chapes with Germanic quadruped motif - Scandinavian group of the 10th century'
Paulsen breaks the total of 19 finds of this group into 2 sub groups: ^{[PAULSEN 1953]:pp.35-44}

Andrshchuk Type 6
'Beast in Jelling style'
Androshchuk dates this type to c.950-1000 and splits it into 3 sub groups ^{[ANDROSHCHUK 2014]:pp.15-121}

More usually found around the Baltic area. ^{[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980]:cat.273.}. 19 examples found in 6 different countries (Denmark, Germany, Iceland, England, Sweden & Russia) ^{[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]}.
Art
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Literature
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Archaeology

• England
  • York ^{[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:cat.274}
  • Chatburn ^{[EDWARDS 1998]:p.28}
• Norway
  • Gjermundbu. Found with a Petersen type S sword [ROESDAHL and WILSON 1992] [WOV: cat.3044]
• Iceland
  • Hafurbjarnastadir. Gilded copper-alloy found with Petersen type S sword. 900AD – 975AD ^{[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980]:cat.273}
  • Kirkjubolsdal ^{[HAYEUR SMITH 2003]:p.167}
  • Vestfirdir ^{[HAYEUR SMITH 2003]:p.146}
• Finland
  • Saari. Copper-alloy ^{[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980]:cat.275}
  • Satakunta. ^{[ROESDAHL & WILSON 1992]:217}

Discussion
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Paulsen's Type II.2 'Chapes with Germanic quadruped motif - Swedish group of the 10th century'
Paulsen lists a total of 9 finds of this group. ^{[PAULSEN 1953]:pp.35-44}

Andrshchuk Type 5
'Beast in Jelling style'
Androshchuk dates this type to c.950-1000 ^{[ANDROSHCHUK 2014]:pp.15-121}

Paulsen's Type I.2
'Chapes with Germanic Bird Motif - Swedish-Varangian Group'
Paulsen breaks the total of 32 finds of this group into 4 sub groups: ^{[PAULSEN 1953]:pp.22-34}

Andrshchuk Type 3a
'bird'
^{[ANDROSHCHUK 2014]:pp.15-118}
Otherwise known as the 'Birka Bird'. Dated from late C9th to early C11th although at its most popular in the first half of the C10th. Hedenstierna Jonson identifies 67 finds spread mainly in Eastern Europe from Sweden to Byzantium ^{[HEDENSTIERNA-JONSON 2006B]:p.}
Art
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Literature
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Archaeology

• France
  • L'Ile de Groix.
• Sweden
  • Astad. Eastern Influence 850AD – 950AD ^{[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980]:cat.442}
  • Birka.
• Poland
  • Wolin ^{[WOV 2003]:cat.986}
• Ukraine
  • Kiev ^{[WOV 2003]:cat.4269}

Discussion
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The travellingnorth.nl blog has a good article about this kind of chape.