Changes
Pins
,==Introduction==
Pins were probably the most common form of cloak fastening in the Viking Age [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980: p.30]<br>
Pins classed as dress pins could have been used for a number of purposes including fastening cloaks, securing hair styles or as stylus. [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1949].<br>
[OWEN-CROCKER 2004]<br>
Morris [MORRIS 2000:p.2309] makes the point that wooden pins would not have had the strength of pins made from other materials but would have been quicker and easier to make. <br>
* England [[S-S#York|York]]
**6 of iron. 2 with pellets attached to the globular heads [OTTAWAY 1992: p.693-695]
**14 of bone [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1948-1949]
* England [[S-S#Flixborough|Flixborough]]
**78 of copper alloy [EVANS & LOVELUCK 2009: p.33]
'''Discussion'''<br>
Originate in the early Anglo-Saxon period [OTTAWAY 1992: p.693]. A long lived type – impossible to separate roman from post roman on typology [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1950]. The Flixborough examples date from AD 650-1000.<br>
<br>
* England [[S-S#York|York]]
** 2 finds of iron [OTTAWAY 1992: p.695 Cat.3808,3812]
** 13 of bone, 2 of antler [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1951]
'''Discussion'''<br>
--<br>
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* England [[S-S#York|York]]
** 10 finds of unperforated pig fibulae [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1950]** 61 finds of perforated pig fibulae [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999:p.1950]
'''Discussion'''<br>
Many more needle could be included from York if bone needles with smaller heads were to be included.<br>
===9: Zoomorphic===
'''Archaeology'''<br>
* England, York, 5 finds, 1 of bone, 4 of unknown. [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1949]* Scotland, Jarlshof. 4 completed bone pins with dragon head aligned to the shaft with open mouths and two part made pins. [MacGREGOR MACGREGOR 1985:p.119][MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1949][HAYEUR SMITH 2003:p.173].
* Iceland, Ymaberg. Bone, dragon head with open mouth, 16.3cm long [HAYEUR SMITH 2003:p.173 cat.11296].
* Denmark, Hedeby.
* Flixbourgh, 4 of silver [EVANS & LOVELUCK 2009: p.70-72]
'''Discussion'''<br>
Dated to the 9th or 10th century but may have continued into the 12th in Sweden [MacGREGORMACGREGOR, MAINMAN & ROGERS 1999: p.1949]. <br>MacGregor notes that the pins found at Jarlshof must have been made in a local workshop [MacGregor MACGREGOR 2005:p.119]<br>
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