Difference between revisions of "Spears found in Britain"
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Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :In remarkably good state of preservation. The blade is damascened, and the socket richly inlaid with silver, copper and ornaments of gold. | + | :Notes- In remarkably good state of preservation. The blade is damascened, and the socket richly inlaid with silver, copper and ornaments of gold. |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.64 fig.31 (image)] [ROESDAHL 1981:p.63 cat.D6 (image)] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.64 fig.31 (image)] [ROESDAHL 1981:p.63 cat.D6 (image)] | ||
Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Grave Find. Type C-D, C9th. Affixed to a wooden shaft by a brass pin | + | :Notes- Grave Find. Type C-D, C9th. Affixed to a wooden shaft by a brass pin |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.15] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.15] | ||
::The Archaeological Journal VIII p.424-425 | ::The Archaeological Journal VIII p.424-425 | ||
Line 80: | Line 80: | ||
::Blade- L.? x W.? x T.7mm | ::Blade- L.? x W.? x T.7mm | ||
::Socket- broken (under 20mm diamter) | ::Socket- broken (under 20mm diamter) | ||
− | :This socketed spear-head has a well-preserved blade, but very corroded and broken socket. Dated by Petersen to the 8th and 9th centuries | + | :Notes- This socketed spear-head has a well-preserved blade, but very corroded and broken socket. Dated by Petersen to the 8th and 9th centuries |
:Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | :Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | ||
Line 91: | Line 91: | ||
::Blade- L.? x W.? x T.7mm | ::Blade- L.? x W.? x T.7mm | ||
::Socket- broken (under 20mm diamter) | ::Socket- broken (under 20mm diamter) | ||
− | :Fuglesang has suggested that this spear resembles a type E spear. | + | :Notes- Fuglesang has suggested that this spear resembles a type E spear. |
:Bibliography- [FUGLESANG 1980:p.139] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 f.48] | :Bibliography- [FUGLESANG 1980:p.139] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 f.48] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 134: | Line 134: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Bronze socket of spearhead from Farnham, Pitt Rivers Museum C11th. This type of spearhead could be considered to be an eastern (Finish) type except for this find from York and another from the British Museum. | + | :Notes- Bronze socket of spearhead from Farnham, Pitt Rivers Museum C11th. This type of spearhead could be considered to be an eastern (Finish) type except for this find from York and another from the British Museum. |
:Bibliography- [FUGLESANG 1980:fig.3] [LANG 1981] [KENDRICK 1949:pl.LXIX] | :Bibliography- [FUGLESANG 1980:fig.3] [LANG 1981] [KENDRICK 1949:pl.LXIX] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 149: | Line 149: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :possible mouldings at base of blade | + | :Notes- possible mouldings at base of blade |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:P.85] [WHEELER 1927:P.28 Fig.12.2] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:P.85] [WHEELER 1927:P.28 Fig.12.2] | ||
Line 175: | Line 175: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Fine spear-head of the late Viking type [[R.523]], with a moulding at the base of the blade | + | :Notes- Fine spear-head of the late Viking type [[R.523]], with a moulding at the base of the blade |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:P.64 Fig.33] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:P.64 Fig.33] | ||
Line 186: | Line 186: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Spear-head of the type R. 523, of about 1000AD | + | :Notes- Spear-head of the type R. 523, of about 1000AD |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:P.64] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:P.64] | ||
Line 230: | Line 230: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :It has 6 pairs of close set rings each with a pair of rivet holes. I consider this to be a transitional type between F and I like those from Bruhaugen in Norway [PETERSEN 1919: Fig. 16] and Sodermanland in Sweden. | + | :Notes- It has 6 pairs of close set rings each with a pair of rivet holes. I consider this to be a transitional type between F and I like those from Bruhaugen in Norway [PETERSEN 1919: Fig. 16] and Sodermanland in Sweden. |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.20 item c] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.20 item c] | ||
Line 241: | Line 241: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Small spearhead [[:File:R529.jpg|R529]] | + | :Notes- Small spearhead [[:File:R529.jpg|R529]] |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.59] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.59] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 258: | Line 258: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :It has 7 pairs of rivet holes. | + | :Notes- It has 7 pairs of rivet holes. |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.20 item b] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.20 item b] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 272: | Line 272: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Long and slender late Viking - Type K? | + | :Notes- Long and slender late Viking - Type K? |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.15] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.15] | ||
Line 283: | Line 283: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Type K, very rusty. A thin disk is attached to the socket. Inside the socket are fragments of fine linen fabric which had been bound twice around the point of the wooden shaft. | + | :Notes- Type K, very rusty. A thin disk is attached to the socket. Inside the socket are fragments of fine linen fabric which had been bound twice around the point of the wooden shaft. |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.26] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.26] | ||
Line 294: | Line 294: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :found in the fens | + | :Notes- found in the fens |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.67] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.67] | ||
Line 340: | Line 340: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :''"traces of a serrated band of inlay along each side of the mid-rib"''[WHEELER 1927:p.23] | + | :Notes- ''"traces of a serrated band of inlay along each side of the mid-rib"''[WHEELER 1927:p.23] |
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.9 (image), p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.9 (image), p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
Line 366: | Line 366: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | : ''"has slight traces of a zigzag strip of inlay down each side of the central rib."''[WHEELER 1927:p.20] | + | :Notes- ''"has slight traces of a zigzag strip of inlay down each side of the central rib."''[WHEELER 1927:p.20] |
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.11 (image), p.20, p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.11 (image), p.20, p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
::*[http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/Collections-Research/Collections-online/object.aspx?objectID=object-36933&rows=1&start=10&sort=summaryTitle%20asc London Museum] | ::*[http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/Collections-Research/Collections-online/object.aspx?objectID=object-36933&rows=1&start=10&sort=summaryTitle%20asc London Museum] | ||
Line 392: | Line 392: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- fragment of wooden shaft in socket. | ::Socket- fragment of wooden shaft in socket. | ||
− | :slight moulding at base of blade | + | :Notes- slight moulding at base of blade |
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.13 (image), p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.13 (image), p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
::*[http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/Collections-Research/Collections-online/object.aspx?objectID=object-36932&rows=1&start=9&sort=summaryTitle%20asc London Museum] | ::*[http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/Collections-Research/Collections-online/object.aspx?objectID=object-36932&rows=1&start=9&sort=summaryTitle%20asc London Museum] | ||
Line 406: | Line 406: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :''"The socket ls decorated with an elaborate interlacing pattern, inlaid in white metal; above this, the neck of the spear has eight facets, each bearing an inlaid key pattern. | + | :Notes- ''"The socket ls decorated with an elaborate interlacing pattern, inlaid in white metal; above this, the neck of the spear has eight facets, each bearing an inlaid key pattern. The lower end of the socket is damaged. but can be to some extent reconstructed from a strikingly similar spearhead found at Hyilestad, north of Bergen in Norway."''[WHEELER 1927:p.20] Wheeler identifies the decoration as Ringerike. |
− | The lower end of the socket is damaged. but can be to some extent reconstructed from a strikingly similar spearhead found at Hyilestad, north of Bergen in Norway."''[WHEELER 1927:p.20] Wheeler identifies the decoration as Ringerike. | + | |
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.14 (image), p.20-21 fig.5 (image), p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.2 fig.1.14 (image), p.20-21 fig.5 (image), p.23] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 446: | Line 445: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- D:20mm | ::Socket- D:20mm | ||
− | :socket covered with alternating silver and copper chevrons.[BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84] This type of decoration is known mainly from Norway.[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:p.73] | + | :Notes- socket covered with alternating silver and copper chevrons.[BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84] This type of decoration is known mainly from Norway.[GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:p.73] |
:Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 fig.49 (image)] [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL and KIDD 1980:p.115 fig.63] [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:p.73 fig.259] | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 fig.49 (image)] [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL and KIDD 1980:p.115 fig.63] [GRAHAM-CAMPBELL 1980:p.73 fig.259] | ||
::* [http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=66258&partid=1&output=Places%2F!!%2FOR%2F!!%2F39325%2F!%2F39325-3-1%2F!%2FExcavated%2FFindspot+Thames%2C+River%2F!%2F%2F!!%2F%2F!!!%2F&orig=%2Fresearch%2Fsearch_the_collection_database%2Fadvanced_search.aspx¤tPage=1&numpages=10 British Museum] | ::* [http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/search_object_details.aspx?objectid=66258&partid=1&output=Places%2F!!%2FOR%2F!!%2F39325%2F!%2F39325-3-1%2F!%2FExcavated%2FFindspot+Thames%2C+River%2F!%2F%2F!!%2F%2F!!!%2F&orig=%2Fresearch%2Fsearch_the_collection_database%2Fadvanced_search.aspx¤tPage=1&numpages=10 British Museum] | ||
Line 493: | Line 492: | ||
::Blade- T:6mm | ::Blade- T:6mm | ||
::Socket- D:18 mm | ::Socket- D:18 mm | ||
− | :Decoration between blade and socket consists of a barrel-shaped collar with two ribs above and below it. These had been forged by cutting into the spear when hot during manufacture. Pattern-welded blade. | + | :Notes- Decoration between blade and socket consists of a barrel-shaped collar with two ribs above and below it. These had been forged by cutting into the spear when hot during manufacture. Pattern-welded blade. |
:Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | :Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | ||
Line 514: | Line 513: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Unprovenanced, but found in London | + | :Notes- Unprovenanced, but found in London |
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:pl.XI 5] [MORRIS 1983] | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:pl.XI 5] [MORRIS 1983] | ||
Line 535: | Line 534: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Unpublished | + | :Notes- Unpublished |
:Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | :Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | ||
Line 546: | Line 545: | ||
::Blade- | ::Blade- | ||
::Socket- | ::Socket- | ||
− | :Unpublished | + | :Notes- Unpublished |
:Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.28 fig.12.6] | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.28 fig.12.6] | ||
|} | |} |
Revision as of 20:44, 24 April 2013
Spears found in Britain |
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More Found in Britain pages
The catalogue follows Thålin groups and then subdivided by Petersen's [PETERSEN 1919] types. Winged spearheads have been ground together in their own section and also include finds from outside of Britain. Each entry consists of the following components:
- Find Location
- Current location
- Find Type: Grave, Hoard, River or Stray
- Find Date
- Dimensions (if known)
- Any other information
- Bibliography of other published references.
Dimensions are given where known and can be stated in either imperial or metric measurements. Reference is sometimes made to Rygh types. Rygh’s [RYGH 1885] book illustrates examples of many pre-historic objects from Norway. These are designated as R.xxx where xxx is Rygh’s figure number.
Thålin Group 1
Leaf-shaped Spearheads (Pre 900AD)
Petersen Types A-E
Group 1 consists of Petersen types A, B, C, D1 and E. They are all types with a lancoid blade and gradual transition from socket to blade.
Petersen Type D1
England, Cambridgeshire, Braham's Farm
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England, London, Wandsworth
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England, Yorkshire, River Ouse
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England, Yorkshire, River Ouse
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Petersen Type E
England, Hertfordshire, Nazing
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England, London, Thames
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Thålin Group 2
Angular Spearheads with Short Sockets (950-1075AD)
Petersen Types D2, G & H
Group 2 consists of Petersen types D:2, G and H. They are all types with edge shoulders placed low on the blade and a short conical socket with marked narrowing below the blade.
Fuglesang includes the winged spears of Petersens type D2 in with this group as he removed wings as a determinant of typology making Petersens D2 and G types the same. See the section on ‘Winged Spears’ for examples of D2 style spear heads.
It has also been suggested by Fuglesang and Petersen that type G spearheads without wings may be of eastern origin with the majority of finds coming from Sweden and Finland. A few decorated type G spears have been found with Urnes style decoration.
Petersen Type D2
England, ?
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England, ?
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England, York
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Petersen Type G
England, London, Thames at Hampton Court
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England, London, Walthamstow
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Petersen Type H
In most ways the same as type G except for the moulding at the base of the blade.
England, Cambridgeshire, Soham
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England, Cambridgeshire, Ely
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England, Cambridgeshire, River Cam at Dimmock's Cote nr. Upware
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No Picture | England, Lincolnshire, River Witham at Lincoln
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Thålin Group 3
Angular Spearheads with Long Sockets from Britain (840-1100AD)
Petersen types F, I, K & M
Group 3 consists of Petersen types F, I, K & M. They are all types with a narrow blade which is often shouldered and a socket that is long, narrow and conical.
Fuglesang has studied the K & M types of spearhead that are decorated in Ringerike designs. Due to difficulty in determining the exact typology of many of these spearheads she has introduced a new K/M type that falls between those of Petersens K and M [FUGLESANG 1980].
Petersen Type F
Type F spearheads generally have a length of 30-60cm with most being between 50-60cm. Petersen classes this a very numerous type in Norway [PETERSEN 1919].
England, Cumberland, Hesket-in-Forest, near Carlisle
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England, Oxfordshire, River Thames
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Petersen Type I
The socket commonly has 11 pairs of holes originally with bronze rivets. Some have up to 15 pairs of holes. Petersen classes these as not numerous in Norway [PETERSEN 1919].
England, Cumberland, Hesket-in-Forest, near Carlisle
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Petersen Type K
England, Yorkshire, Camphill near Bedale
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Isle of Man, Balladoyne
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England, Cambridgeshire, Ely
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England, Surry, Sunbury Weir
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England, Berkshire, Cookham
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England, London, Thames at Kingston
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England, London, Old London Bridge
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England, London, Old London Bridge
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England, London, Old London Bridge
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England, London, Old London Bridge
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England, London, Old London Bridge
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England, London, Old London Bridge
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England, London, Putney
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England, London, nr. Tate Gallery
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England, London, Thames River
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England, London
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England, London, Thames at Ditton
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England, London
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Petersen Type M
England, Essex, Nazing
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England, London, Thames Street
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England, London
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England, Kidlington, River Cherwell
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England, Hertfordshire, Lugg Mills
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England, London, Thames at Datchet
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Unclassified Spearheads
The following spearheads are referenced but have both no associated image and no type mentioned.
- Magdalen Bridge, Oxford, England [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940: P.12]
- West Ham, near Basingstoke, Hants, England. Possibly Saxon [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940: P.15]
- Claughton Hall, near Gortstaug, Lancashire, England (Lost) [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940: P.18]
- Ballaugh, Isle of Man (Lost) [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940: P.22]
- Boiden, near the lower Bridge of Froon, Scotland (Lost) The spear-head is 11 in. long and 2 in. broad.
Winged
- Ballachrink, Jurby, Isle of Man: base of socket has wings [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940: P.25]
References
<nocite> BJORN1940 COLLINS1949 GRAHAM-CAMPBELL1980 GRAHAM-CAMPBELL1980b FUGLESANG1980 KENDRICK1949 LANG1981 MORRIS1983 PENDLESONN1980 PETERSEN1919 ROESDAHL1981 RYGH1885 STEPHENSON2007 WHEELER1927 WHEELER1935 WOV </nocite> <biblio force=false>#Template:Bib</biblio>