Difference between revisions of "Spears found in Britain"
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Fuglesang has studied the K & M types of spearhead that are decorated in Ringerike designs. Due to difficulty in determining the exact typology of many of these spearheads she has introduced a new K/M type that falls between those of Petersens K and M [FUGLESANG 1980].<br> | Fuglesang has studied the K & M types of spearhead that are decorated in Ringerike designs. Due to difficulty in determining the exact typology of many of these spearheads she has introduced a new K/M type that falls between those of Petersens K and M [FUGLESANG 1980].<br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
+ | |||
===Petersen Type F=== | ===Petersen Type F=== | ||
Type F spearheads generally have a length of 30-60cm with most being between 50-60cm. Petersen classes this a very numerous type in Norway [PETERSEN 1919]. | Type F spearheads generally have a length of 30-60cm with most being between 50-60cm. Petersen classes this a very numerous type in Norway [PETERSEN 1919]. | ||
+ | {| | ||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Hasket-in-Forest" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Cumberland, Hasket-in-Forest, near Carlisle''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- 11” long | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :It has 6 pairs of close set rings each with a pair of rivet holes. I consider this to be a transitional type between F and I like those from Bruhaugen in Norway [PETERSEN 1919: Fig. 16] and Sodermanland in Sweden. | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.20 item c] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Oxford" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Oxfordshire, River Thames''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Small spearhead R529 | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.59] | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Petersen Type I=== | ||
+ | The socket commonly has 11 pairs of holes originally with bronze rivets. Some have up to 15 pairs of holes. Petersen classes these as not numerous in Norway [PETERSEN 1919]. <br> | ||
+ | <br> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| | ||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Hasket-in-Forest2" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Cumberland, Hasket-in-Forest, near Carlisle''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- 17 5/8” long with its tip missing. | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :It has 7 pairs of rivet holes. | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.20 item b] | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Petersen Type K=== | ||
+ | {| | ||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Old London Bridge1" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Old London Bridge''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Old London Bridge2" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Old London Bridge''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Old London Bridge3" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Old London Bridge''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Old London Bridge4" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Old London Bridge''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Old London Bridge5" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Old London Bridge''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Old London Bridge6" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Old London Bridge''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.77] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Putney" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Putney''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.28 Fig.12.4] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.85] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Tate Gallery" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, nr. Tate Gallery''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.28 Fig.12.5] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.85] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Thames" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames River''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :socket covered with alternating silver and copper chevrons | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.28 Fig.12.5] [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 fig.49] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="London1" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- 24" | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 fig.50] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="London2" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- 18" | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 fig.51] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="London3" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- 12" | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.84 fig.52] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Camphill" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Yorkshire, Camphill near Bedale''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Long and slender late Viking - Type K? | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.15] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Ely" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Cambridgeshire, Ely''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :found in the fens | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.67] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Balladoyne" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''Isle of Man, Balladoyne''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- L:20-25” | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Type K, very rusty. A thin disk is attached to the socket. Inside the socket are fragments of fine linen fabric which had been bound twice around the point of the wooden shaft. | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [BJORN and SHETELIG 1940:p.26] | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Petersen Type M=== | ||
+ | {| | ||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Nazing" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Essex, Nazing''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- L:246mm x W:35mm | ||
+ | ::Blade- T:6mm | ||
+ | ::Socket- D:18 mm | ||
+ | :Decoration between blade and socket consists of a barrel-shaped collar with two ribs above and below it. These had been forged by cutting into the spear when hot during manufacture. Pattern-welded blade. | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Thames Street" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames Street''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:pl.XI 4] [MORRIS 1983] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="London" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Unprovenanced, but found in London | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1935:pl.XI 5] [MORRIS 1983] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Kidlington" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Kidlington, River Cherwell''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- Ashmolean Museum: 1949/928 | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Lugg Mills" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, Hertfordshire, Lugg Mills''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- Ashmolean Museum: 1949/928 | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Unpublished | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [MORRIS 1983] | ||
+ | |- valign="top" id="Datchet" | ||
+ | |width="100pt"| [[File:Example.jpg|thumb|130x150px|left]] | ||
+ | |width="600pt"| '''England, London, Thames at Datchet''' | ||
+ | :Current Location- | ||
+ | :Dimensions- | ||
+ | ::Total- | ||
+ | ::Blade- | ||
+ | ::Socket- | ||
+ | :Unpublished | ||
+ | :Bibliography- [WHEELER 1927:p.28 fig.12.6] | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | ==Unclassified Spearheads == | ||
+ | The following spearheads are referenced but have both no associated image and no type mentioned.<br> | ||
+ | *Magdalen Bridge, Oxford, England (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.12) | ||
+ | *West Ham, near Basingstoke, Hants, England. Possibly Saxon (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.15) | ||
+ | *Claughton Hall, near Gortstaug, Lancashire, England (Lost) (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.18) | ||
+ | *Ballaugh, Isle of Man (Lost) (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.22) | ||
+ | *Boiden, near the lower Bridge of Froon, Scotland (Lost) The spear-head is 11 in. long and 2 in. broad. | ||
+ | <br> | ||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 20:41, 23 April 2013
Spears found in Britain |
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More Found in Britain pages
The catalogue follows Thålin groups and then subdivided by Petersen's [PETERSEN 1919] types. Winged spearheads have been ground together in their own section and also include finds from outside of Britain. Each entry consists of the following components:
- Find Location
- Find Type: Grave, Hoard, River or Stray
- Current location
- Dimensions (if known)
- Any other information
- Bibliography of other published references.
Dimensions are given where known and can be stated in either imperial or metric measurements. Reference is sometimes made to Rygh types. Rygh’s [RYGH 1885] book illustrates examples of many pre-historic objects from Norway. These are designated as R.xxx where xxx is Rygh’s figure number.
Thålin Group 1
Leaf-shaped Spearheads (Pre 900AD)
Petersen Types A-E
Group 1 consists of Petersen types A, B, C, D1 and E. They are all types with a lancoid blade and gradual transition from socket to blade.
Petersen Type E
England, Hertfordshire, Nazing
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Thålin Group 2
Angular Spearheads with Short Sockets (950-1075AD)
Petersen Types D2, G & H
Group 2 consists of Petersen types D:2, G and H. They are all types with edge shoulders placed low on the blade and a short conical socket with marked narrowing below the blade.
Fuglesang includes the winged spears of Petersens type D2 in with this group as he removed wings as a determinant of typology making Petersens D2 and G types the same. See the section on ‘Winged Spears’ for examples of D2 style spear heads.
It has also been suggested by Fuglesang and Petersen that type G spearheads without wings may be of eastern origin with the majority of finds coming from Sweden and Finland. A few decorated type G spears have been found with Urnes style decoration.
Petersen Type G
England, London, Thames at Hampton Court
| |
England, London, Walthamstow
|
Petersen Type H
In most ways the same as type G except for the moulding at the base of the blade.
England, Cambridgeshire, Soham
| |
England, Cambridgeshire, Ely
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England, Cambridgeshire, River Cam at Dimmock's Cote nr. Upware
| |
No Picture | England, Lincolnshire, River Witham at Lincoln
|
Thålin Group 3
Angular Spearheads with Long Sockets from Britain (840-1100AD)
Petersen types F, I, K & M
Group 3 consists of Petersen types F, I, K & M. They are all types with a narrow blade which is often shouldered and a socket that is long, narrow and conical.
Fuglesang has studied the K & M types of spearhead that are decorated in Ringerike designs. Due to difficulty in determining the exact typology of many of these spearheads she has introduced a new K/M type that falls between those of Petersens K and M [FUGLESANG 1980].
Petersen Type F
Type F spearheads generally have a length of 30-60cm with most being between 50-60cm. Petersen classes this a very numerous type in Norway [PETERSEN 1919].
England, Cumberland, Hasket-in-Forest, near Carlisle
| |
England, Oxfordshire, River Thames
|
Petersen Type I
The socket commonly has 11 pairs of holes originally with bronze rivets. Some have up to 15 pairs of holes. Petersen classes these as not numerous in Norway [PETERSEN 1919].
England, Cumberland, Hasket-in-Forest, near Carlisle
|
Petersen Type K
England, London, Old London Bridge
| |
England, London, Old London Bridge
| |
England, London, Old London Bridge
| |
England, London, Old London Bridge
| |
England, London, Old London Bridge
| |
England, London, Old London Bridge
| |
England, London, Putney
| |
England, London, nr. Tate Gallery
| |
England, London, Thames River
| |
England, London
| |
England, London
| |
England, London
| |
England, Yorkshire, Camphill near Bedale
| |
England, Cambridgeshire, Ely
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Isle of Man, Balladoyne
|
Petersen Type M
England, Essex, Nazing
| |
England, London, Thames Street
| |
England, London
| |
England, Kidlington, River Cherwell
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England, Hertfordshire, Lugg Mills
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England, London, Thames at Datchet
|
Unclassified Spearheads
The following spearheads are referenced but have both no associated image and no type mentioned.
- Magdalen Bridge, Oxford, England (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.12)
- West Ham, near Basingstoke, Hants, England. Possibly Saxon (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.15)
- Claughton Hall, near Gortstaug, Lancashire, England (Lost) (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.18)
- Ballaugh, Isle of Man (Lost) (SHETELIG, Viking Antiquities in Great Britain and Ireland Part 4, VIKING ANTIQUITIES IN ENGLAND 1940, P.22)
- Boiden, near the lower Bridge of Froon, Scotland (Lost) The spear-head is 11 in. long and 2 in. broad.
References
<nocite> BJORN1940 FUGLESANG1980 MORRIS1983 PETERSEN1919 RYGH1885 WHEELER1927 WOV </nocite> <biblio force=false>#Template:Bib</biblio>